Table 1.
Baseline characteristics between TACE group and HAIC group.
| Variables | Before PSM | After PSM | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HAIC (N = 92) | TACE (N = 68) | P value | HAIC (N 68) | TACE (N = 68) | P value | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (y), mean ± SD | 50.2 ± 11.3 | 51.1 ± 13.1 | 0.673 | 51.6 ± 9.8 | 51.1 ± 13.1 | 0.785 |
| Gender | 0.915 | 1.000 | ||||
| Female | 9 (9.8) | 7 (10.3) | 7 (10.3) | 7 (10.3) | ||
| Male | 83 (90.2) | 61 (89.7) | 61 (89.7) | 61 (89.7) | ||
| PS | 0.137 | 1.000 | ||||
| ECOG 0 | 84 (91.3) | 66 (97.1) | 66 (97.1) | 66 (97.1) | ||
| ECOG 1 | 8 (8.7) | 2 (2.9) | 2 (2.9) | 2 (2.9) | ||
| BMI, mean ± SD | 21.4 ± 3.0 | 21.8 ± 3.7 | 0.509 | 22.5 ± 4.2 | 21.8 ± 3.7 | 0.114 |
| Comorbidities | 0.970 | 0.795 | ||||
| Absence | 81 (88.0) | 60 (88.2) | 59 (86.8) | 60 (88.2) | ||
| Presence | 11 (12.0) | 8 (11.8) | 9 (13.2) | 8 (11.8) | ||
| HBV | 0.003 | 0.189 | ||||
| Absence | 19 (20.7) | 3 (4.4) | 7 (10.3) | 3 (4.4) | ||
| Presence | 73 (79.3) | 65 (95.6) | 59 (89.7) | 65 (95.6) | ||
| Cirrhosis | 0.522 | 0.825 | ||||
| Absence | 20 (21.7) | 12 (17.6) | 13 (19.1) | 12 (17.6) | ||
| Presence | 72 (78.3) | 56 (82.4) | 55 (80.9) | 56 (82.4) | ||
| CTP grade | 0.058 | 0.573 | ||||
| 5 | 65 (70.7) | 62 (91.2) | 60 (88.2) | 62 (91.2) | ||
| 6 | 23 (25.0) | 6 (8.8) | 8 (11.8) | 6 (8.8) | ||
| 7 | 4 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| ALBI score, mean ± SD | -2.59 ± 0.40 | -2.65 ± 0.38 | 0.416 | -2.62 ± 0.55 | -2.65 ± 0.38 | 0.512 |
| AJCC system | 0.155 | 0.648 | ||||
| IIIa | 2 (2.2) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.5) | ||
| IIIb | 38 (41.3) | 40 (58.8) | 36 (52.9) | 40 (58.8) | ||
| IIIc | 48 (52.2) | 26 (38.2) | 31 (45.6) | 26 (38.2) | ||
| IV | 4 (4.3) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.5) | ||
| Image characteristics | ||||||
| Imaging modality | 0.865 | 0.978 | ||||
| CT | 46 (50.0) | 32 (47.0) | 33 (48.5) | 32 (47.0) | ||
| MRI | 21 (22.8) | 18 (26.5) | 18 (26.5) | 18 (26.5) | ||
| CT and MRI | 25 (27.2) | 18 (26.5) | 17 (25.0) | 18 (26.5) | ||
| Tumor size (cm), mean ± SD | 10.8 ± 3.4 | 11.0 ± 3.4 | 0.601 | 10.9 ± 3.6 | 11.0 ± 3.4 | 0.633 |
| No. of tumors | 0.003 | 1.000 | ||||
| Single | 20 (21.7) | 20 (29.4) | 20 (29.4) | 20 (29.4) | ||
| Multiple | 72 (78.3) | 48 (70.6) | 48 (70.6) | 48 (70.6) | ||
| Discrete mass | 0.923 | 0.607 | ||||
| Absence | 44 (47.8) | 32 (47.1) | 35 (51.5) | 32 (47.1) | ||
| Presence | 48 (52.2) | 36 (52.9) | 33 (48.5) | 36 (52.9) | ||
| Vascular invasion | 0.001 | 0.051 | ||||
| Absence | 20 (21.7) | 31 (45.6) | 20 (29.4) | 31 (45.6) | ||
| Presence | 72 (78.3) | 37 (54.4) | 48 (70.6) | 37 (54.4) | ||
| Metastasis | 0.035 | 0.861 | ||||
| Absence | 40 (43.5) | 41 (60.3) | 40 (58.8) | 41 (60.3) | ||
| Presence | 52 (56.5) | 27 (39.7) | 28 (41.2) | 27 (39.7) | ||
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| AFP (ng/ml) | 0.322 | 0.724 | ||||
| <400 | 27 (29.3) | 25 (36.8) | 27 (39.7) | 25 (36.8) | ||
| ≥400 | 65 (70.7) | 43 (63.2) | 41 (60.3) | 43 (63.2) | ||
| Median AST (U/L) | 57.2 (22.5, 90.4) | 59.0 (31.5, 101.2) | 0.809 | 54.6 (30.1,95.8) | 59.0 (31.5, 101.2) | 0.798 |
| Median ALT (U/L) | 92.0 (26.8,121.4) | 87.9 (22.5,118.2) | 0.728 | 83.8 (22.4,113.8) | 87.9 (22.5,118.2) | 0.706 |
| Median,TBIL (μmol/L) | 16.6 (7.8, 24.5) | 16.5 (7.2, 22.7) | 0.128 | 15.7 (7.2, 24.5) | 16.5 (7.2, 22.7) | 0.833 |
| ALB (g/L) | 39.9 ± 4.0 | 40.2 ± 4.3 | 0.676 | 40.1 ± 5.8 | 40.2 ± 4.3 | 0.779 |
| INR, mean ± SD | 1.11 ± 0.11 | 1.05 ± 0.10 | <0.001 | 1.06 ± 0.09 | 1.05 ± 0.10 | 0.328 |
| PT, mean ± SD | 12.7 ± 1.1 | 12.1 ± 1.0 | 0.001 | 12.3 ± 1.2 | 12.1 ± 1.0 | 0.147 |
| Median PLT (109) | 241 (78, 321) | 261 (55,352) | 0.257 | 258 (72, 315) | 261 (55, 352) | 0.313 |
Data in bracket was percent of patients. The data in two groups were compared by using the Chi square test. Non-normally distributed data is represented by median and quartile.
PSM, propensity score match; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization; HAIC, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; PS, performance status; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HBV, viral hepatitis type B; AFP, α-fetoprotein; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; ALB, albumin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; PT, prothrombin time; INR, international normalized ratio; TBIL, total bilirubin; PLT, platelet.