Fig. 2.

Various action mechanisms of convalescent plasma (CP) to reduce the devastating consequences of a viral infection such as SARS-CoV-2 infection. The figure depicting the a) antiviral effects of CP via antibody-mediated lysis of the viral particles b) blocking the entry of viral cells into the host cell leads to reduced viral load c) Antibody-dependent antigen presentation, which enhances the cellular immune response d) Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) which leads to lower viral load e) Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory actions of CP by blocking the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. Abbreviations: SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2; NK cells: natural killer cells; APC: antigen processing cells; Th cells: T helper cells; ACE2: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; TMPRSS2: transmembrane protease serine 2.