Table 2.
Changes in other muscle indices according to treatment groups.
| ONS + NC (n = 29) | NC (n = 27) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 3rd month | 6th month | Δ t3 | Δ t6 | Baseline | 3rd month | 6th month | Δ t3 | Δ t6 | |
| Arm circumference | ||||||||||
| MAMC (cm2)b | 20.4 ± 0.5 | 20.9 ± 0.5 | 20.8 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.1** | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 20.6 ± 0.4 | 20.9 ± 0.4 | 20.8 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.3 |
| MAMA (cm2)b | 24.9 ± 1.5 | 26.8 ± 1.5 | 26.4 ± 1.6 | 1.9 ± 0.4** | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 25.9 ± 1.2 | 26.8 ± 1.2 | 26.2 ± 1.1 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.3 ± 0.9 |
| Body composition | ||||||||||
| LTM (kg) | 29.2 ± 1.3 | 29.5 ± 1.3 | 29.4 ± 1.3 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.4 | 28.6 ± 1.0 | 28.6 ± 0.9 | 28.5 ± 1.0 | −0.1 ± 0.2 | −0.1 ± 0.3 |
| LTI (kg/m2) | 11.4 ± 0.5 | 11.7 ± 0.5 | 11.6 ± 0.5 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 11.7 ± 0.4 | 11.8 ± 0.4 | 11.8 ± 0.4 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 |
| BCM (kg) | 15.3 ± 1.0 | 15.5 ± 1.0 | 15.4 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 15.7 ± 0.8 | 15.9 ± 0.7 | 15.9 ± 0.7 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.4 |
| Muscle strength | ||||||||||
| HGS (kg) | 19.0 ± 1.3 | 19.1 ± 1.3 | 19.6 ± 1.4 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 18.3 ± 0.8 | 18.6 ± 0.9 | 19.1 ± 0.9 | 0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.4 |
All baseline comparisons between group were not significantly different as per Independent t test; Data adjusted for age, gender, dialysis vintage, and presence of diabetes mellitus are presented as mean ± SD; aMain effect of Group,
b
Main effect of Time, c Group × Time interaction; Δt3, Mean change at 3rd month; Δt6, Mean change at 6th month; *p < 0.05 compared to baseline,
**
p < 0.001 compared to baseline.
BCM, body cell mass; HGS, handgrip strength; LTI, lean tissue index; LTM, lean tissue mass; MAMA, mid-arm muscle area; MAMC, mid-arm muscle circumference; NC, nutrition counseling; ONS, oral nutritional supplementation.