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. 2021 Oct 27;13(10):739–747. doi: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab071

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Caspases regulate cGAS‒STING signaling pathways. Caspases can modulate multiple adaptors in the cGAS‒STING signaling pathway. The apoptotic caspase-1, caspase-3, caspase-4, caspase-5, and caspase-11 can directly cleave cGAS and limit cGAS-mediated IFN-I production during DNA virus or bacteria infection. The apoptotic caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-8, and caspase-9 can inhibit cGAS/STING/TBK1/IRF3-mediated IFN-α/β production, while caspase-8 can also cleave STING to control innate immunity. Furthermore, caspase-3 and caspase-8 negatively regulate the cGAS‒STING pathway resulting in cleavage of IRF3 and IRF7. The pink shield indicates the downregulation of the signaling pathways by caspases.