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Vascular attrition is a primary hallmark of ageing: Pericytes abundantly cover the endothelial lining throughout the spleen, heart, muscle, liver, thymus, lung, kidney, and bladder (left) in young mice (young). Upon ageing, reduced Notch, Hif, Hippo and Wnt signalling in endothelial cells leads to pericyte loss via pericyte to fibroblast differentiation (aged). Loss of pericytes and accumulation of fibroblasts subsequently supports arthritic and fibrotic processes.
