Table 4.

Incorporation of risk of bias in the synthesis of results

	Number of reviews (%) n=131 (reviews that assessed risk of bias)
Did the review exclude studies at high risk of bias from either the review or the synthesis?
Studies at high risk of bias were excluded from the review	1 (0.7)
Studies at high risk of bias were excluded from the meta-analysis	2 (1.5)
Studies were not excluded from either the review or synthesis based on risk of bias	128 (97.7)
Among reviews that assessed performed meta-analysis (n=101; 77.1%), was a subgroup analysis or meta-regression based on risk of bias conducted?
Yes; based on overall risk of bias	28 (27.7)
Yes; based on specific risk of bias items/domains	7 (6.9)
No	66 (65.3)
Among reviews that conducted a subgroup analysis or meta-regression based on risk of bias (n=35; 26.7%), was the subgroup analysis or meta-regression statistically significant?
Yes	5 (14.2)
No	22 (62.8)
Not reported	8 (22.8)