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A directed acyclic graph (DAG) model of how socioeconomic status (SES) and neighborhood of residence influence cognitive impairment in Zambian children with HIV. This model implies that total effect of neighborhood of residence on cognition may be estimated by controlling for other SES variables and parental education. Testable implications of this model are that effects may be mediated through malnutrition, access to education, and exposure to violence and other negative life events.
