Table 7.

Three phases of business transformation.

Transformation	Decision & Planning Phase		Implementation Phase		Reinforcement Phase
(Completion Time)	Speed	Structure	Structure	Monitoring	Reinforcement
M1 ($<1$ Month)	$<1$ Month	BU	RM	NM	Reinforced
M2 ($<1$ Month)	$<1$ Month	TD	U	NM	Reinforced
M3 ($>1$ Month)	N.A.	BU	RM	M	Reinforced
M4 ($>1$ Month)	$>1$ Month	BU	U	M	Reinforced
E1 ($<1$ Month)	$<1$ Month	TD	U	NM	Reinforced
E3 ($<1$ Month)	$<1$ Month	BU	RM	M	Reinforced
E2 (1 Month)	$>1$ Month	BU	U	M	Reinforced
C1 ($<1$ Month)	$<1$ Month	TD	U	NM	Reinforced
C4 (1 Month)	$<1$ Month	TD	RM	NM	Reinforced
C2 (1 Month)	$>1$ Month	BU	U	M	Not Reinforced
C3 ($>1$ Month)	$>1$ Month	BU	U	M	Reinforced
F1 ($<1$ Month)	$<1$ Month	TD	U	NM	Reinforced
F2 (1 Month)	$>1$ Month	BU	RM	M	Reinforced
A1 ($<1$ Month)	$<1$ Month	TD	U	NM	Reinforced
A3 ($>1$ Month)	1 Month	BU	U	M	Not Reinforced
A2 ($>1$ Month)	$>1$ Month	TD	U	M	Reinforced

Notes: (1) Transformation in company X is indexed as Xn, where n is the rank of this transformation in terms of perceived importance by the company; (2) In the column which shows the structure of the decision-making process, BU stands for bottom-up, whereas TD stands for top-down; (3) In the column which shows the structure of the implementation process, RM stands for roadmap, whereas U stands for unstructured; (4) In the column which shows monitoring of the implementation, M stands for monitored, whereas NM stands for not monitored.