Table 2.
Treatment of patients admitted to a hospital in Japan for COVID-19 or influenza, as well as their length of stay.
| COVID-19 (n=16,790) | Influenza (n=27,870) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment on admission day, n (%) | |||
| ICU admission | 749 (4·5) | 207 (0·7) | <0·0001 |
| Oxygen therapy | 3,707 (22·1) | 7,938 (28·5) | <0·0001 |
| NPPV | 34 (0·2) | 119 (0·4) | <0·0001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 241 (1·4) | 376 (1·4) | 0·45 |
| ECMO | 6 (0·04) | 9 (0·03) | 0·85 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 108 (0·6) | 168 (0·6) | 0·60 |
| Blood transfusion | 167 (1·0) | 67 (0·2) | <0·0001 |
| Vasopressor use | 194 (1·2) | 436 (1·6) | <0·0001 |
| Dexamethasone use | 506 (3·0) | 272 (1·0) | <0·0001 |
| Treatment during hospitalisation, n (%) | |||
| ICU admission | 937 (5·6) | 293 (1·1) | <0·0001 |
| Oxygen therapy | 5,573 (33·2) | 9,860 (35·4) | <0·0001 |
| NPPV | 188 (1·1) | 306 (1·1) | 0·83 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 546 (3·3) | 691 (2·5) | <0·0001 |
| ECMO | 36 (0·2) | 24 (0·1) | <0·0001 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 407 (2·4) | 395 (1·4) | <0·0001 |
| Blood transfusion | 621 (3·7) | 400 (1·4) | <0·0001 |
| Vasopressor use | 609 (3·6) | 891 (3·2) | 0·015 |
| Dexamethasone use | 1,465 (8·7) | 459 (1·7) | <0·0001 |
| Length of stay, median (IQR), days* | 10 (7–16) | 5 (4–10) | <0·0001 |
| Length of stay in ICU, median (IQR), days‡ | 3 (1–8) | 4 (2–8) | 0·089 |
Abbreviations: NPPV, Non-invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range. Data are reported as number (%) for categorical variables and median (IQR) for continuous variables. We conducted the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and the χ2 test for categorical variables.
⁎
Length of stay was calculated for patients discharged alive (15,934 for COVID-19 and 27,079 for influenza).
‡
Length of stay in ICU was calculated for patients who stayed in ICU and discharged alive (658 for COVID-19 and 180 for influenza)