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. 2021 Dec 20;12:799444. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.799444

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Copyright © 2021 Mahmoud, Rezq, Alsemeh, Abdelfattah, El-Shazly, Daoud, El Raey and Sobeh.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Microscopic images identify the immunoreactivity of the microglial marker CD68 in the brainstem of different studied groups (A) control group; (B) sham group (C) CCI group; (D) CCI + P. perfoliatus extract (Pot, 200 mg/kg, p.o) (E) CCI + P. perfoliatus extract (Pot, 400 mg/kg, p.o) (F) CCI + pregabalin. Arrowheads refer to the dark brown microglial cells. Scale bar; 50 μm. (G,H) Bar charts showing changes in the number of CD68 positive cells and the area percent of CD68 immuno-expression, respectively that were measured from six animals/group in perceptive fields at ×400 magnification. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis followed by a post-hoc Tukey test. Values are presented as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs control group; ^# p < 0.05 vs CCI.