Table 2.
Selected Variables of Participants by Sex
| Variables | Femalesa |
Males |
All participants |
Normal range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
| Age (years) | 59.2 ± 9.7 | 57.8 ± 9.5 | 58.6 ± 9.7 | — |
| Height (cm) | 163.1 ± 7.8 | 174.5 ± 11.2 | 166.5 ± 9.9 | — |
| Weight (kg)* | 91.53 ± 23.5 | 108.8 ± 32.4 | 96.5 ± 26.8 | — |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.2 ± 7.7 | 35.5 ± 9.0 | 34.7 ± 8.1 | ≤24 |
| Waist (cm) | 101.6 ± 16.6 | 109.6 ± 18.3 | 104.1 ± 17.4 | ≤88 f,a ≤102 ma |
| Hip (cm) | 118.4 ± 14.1 | 114.9 ± 15.1 | 117.3 ± 14.4 | <108 f,a <105 ma |
| Waist-hip ratio** | 0.85 ± 0.08 | 0.95 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.09 | ≤0.85 f,a ≤0.90 ma |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 131.0 ± 19.7 | 133.3 ± 14.1 | 132.1 ± 18.5 | ≤120 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 81.4 ± 11.4 | 81.0 ± 12.2 | 81.3 ± 11.6 | ≤80 |
| HDL CHOL (mg/dL)** | 53.2 ± 14.1 | 41.6 ± 11.1 | 49.7 ± 14.7 | >39 |
| LDL CHOL (mg/dL) | 117.5 ± 28.6 | 127.5 ± 31.8 | 118.6 ± 29.1 | ≤99 |
| Total CHOL (mg/dL) | 188.6 ± 37.5 | 186.9 ± 33.6 | 185.5 ± 35.5 | 100–200 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 83.9 ± 57.2 | 88.5 ± 44.9 | 85.2 ± 53.7 | ≤149 |
| Glucose (mg/dL)* | 98.8 ± 21.6 | 122.1 ± 55.6 | 105.4 ± 34.4 | 65–99 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | ≤1 |
| Leptin (ng/mL)** | 54.0 ± 21.9 | 18.5 ± 17.2 | 44.6 ± 26.3 | 4.7–23.7 |
| YPAS (kcal/week) | 5523.4 ± 5238.3 | 6010.2 ± 7208.4 | 5957.4 ± 6037.4 | — |
| Sleep (hours per night) | 6.8 ± 1.0 | 6.4 ± 1.2 | 6.7 ± 1.1 | — |
BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; f, females; HDL CHOL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL CHOL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; m, males; Total CHOL, total cholesterol; YPAS, Yale Physical Activity Survey score (reflecting energy expenditure).
a
Sample was n = 77 due to 12 participants not disclosing sex.
b
Normal values are tentative and depend on height.
*
p < 0.01, **p < 0.001.