Table 2.

Participants’ basic information, N = 557.

University, n (%)	A	174 (31.2)
	B	171 (30.7)
	C	212 (38.1)
School year, n (%)	1 (freshman)	140 (25.1)
	2 (sophomore)	153 (27.5)
	3 (junior)	129 (23.2)
	4 (senior)	135 (24.2)
Gender, n (%)	Male	10 (1.8)
	Female	535 (96.1)
	Missing	12 (2.2)
Age (n = 542)	Mean ± SD	20.4 ± 1.7
Religion, n (%)	Buddhism	73 (13.1)
	Shintoism	5 (0.9)
	Christianity	13 (2.3)
	None	446 (80.1)
	Missing	20 (3.6)
Marital status, n (%)	Single	523 (93.9)
	Married	2 (0.4)
	Partnered	16 (2.9)
	Missing	16 (2.9)
Live with, n (%)	Alone	93 (16.7)
	Parent(S)	428 (76.8)
	Others	28 (5.0)
	Missing	8 (1.4)
Work hours per week, n (%)	None	222 (39.9)
	<5	54 (9.7)
	5∼<10	112 (20.1)
	10∼<20	140 (25.1)
	20∼<40	20 (3.6)
	Missing	9 (1.6)
Students’ income, n (%)	<1 million	508 (91.2)
(Yen per year)	1∼<2 million	15 (2.7)
	4∼<5 million	1 (0.2)
	Missing	33 (5.9)
Family income, n (%)	<2 million	20 (3.6)
	2∼<3 million	14 (2.5)
	3∼<4 million	13 (2.3)
	4∼<5 million	13 (2.3)
	5∼<6 million	20 (3.6)
	6 million∼	183 (32.9)
	Missing	294 (52.8)
Have chronic disease, n (%)	Yes: at least one	43 (7.7)
Hours of sleep/day	Mean ± SD	6.7 ±1.2
Body mass index (n = 475)	Mean ± SD	20.1 ±2.5
Smoke, n (%)	Yes	14 (2.5)
Alcohol intake, n (%)	No	245 (44.0)
	Less than once/week	236 (42.4)
	Once/week	40 (7.2)
	2–3 times/week	30 (5.4)
	4–5 times/week	5 (0.9)
	Every day	1 (0.2)
Perceived control (total)	Mean ± SD (median)	31.4 ± 5.0 (31)
Domain 1: Community	Mean ± SD (median)	12.3 ± 3.2 (12)
Domain 2: Political	Mean ± SD (median)	13.1 ± 2.3 (13)
Domain 3: Personal	Mean ± SD (median)	6.0 ± 1.6 (6)
Perceived health competence	Mean ± SD (median)	28.0 ± 5.6 (28)