Repeated-dose toxicology assessment in SARS-CoV-2 SAM (LNP) vaccinated rats
(A) Body temperature. Male and female rats were immunized on three occasions (day 1, 15, and 29) with 12 μg of SARS-CoV-2 SAM (LNP) or saline. Rectal temperatures were measured 1 h before (Pre) and 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 h post immunization. Results are shown as mean with SD. Statistical analysis: ∗, p < 0.05; ∗∗, p < 0.01; ∗∗∗, p < 0.001 with t test, except those labeled “w,” which was analyzed using Wilcoxon's test. The injection site sections, which include skin, dermis, and underlying skeletal muscle, from saline (B) or SAM (C) vaccinated animals at day 33 (3 days post third vaccination) were stained with H&E, and representative photomicrographs are represented (scale bar, 1,000 μm). (D) 5× magnification of the boxed area in (C) showing inflammation after SAM vaccination (scale bars, 200 μm).