Table 2.
Univariate and Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to predict survival in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95%CI | P–value | HR | 95%CI | P–value | |
| Age | ||||||
| <60 | reference | |||||
| 60–70 | 0.99 | 0.74 – 1.35 | 0.998 | 1.07 | 0.77 – 1.50 | 0.674 |
| >70 | 0.99 | 0.70 – 1.39 | 0.936 | 1.08 | 0.73 – 1.59 | 0.710 |
| Sex | ||||||
| F | reference | |||||
| M | 0.92 | 0.71 – 1.19 | 0.517 | 0.96 | 0.71 – 1.28 | 0.766 |
| ECOG PS | ||||||
| 0 | reference | |||||
| 1 | 1.54 | 1.16 – 2.04 | 0.003 | 1.43 | 1.03 – 1.93 | 0.033 |
| 2 or more | 2.22 | 1.30 – 3.79 | 0.003 | 2.52 | 1.34 – 4.71 | 0.004 |
| Body mass index | ||||||
| <22 | reference | |||||
| ≥22 | 1.01 | 0.77 – 1.30 | 0.969 | 0.98 | 0.73 – 1.31 | 0.880 |
| Tumor resection | ||||||
| no | reference | |||||
| yes | 0.73 | 0.50 – 1.07 | 0.103 | 0.71 | 0.45 – 1.12 | 0.142 |
| Pancreatic tumor location | ||||||
| Head | reference | |||||
| Body | 1.04 | 0.78 – 1.39 | 0.800 | 0.89 | 0.63 – 1.25 | 0.496 |
| Tail | 1.14 | 0.81 – 1.61 | 0.461 | 0.72 | 0.47 – 1.10 | 0.133 |
| Tumor size | ||||||
| <20 | reference | |||||
| 20 – 40 | 0.99 | 0.67 – 1.47 | 0.979 | 0.94 | 0.60 – 1.47 | 0.775 |
| >40 | 1.39 | 0.91 – 2.11 | 0.125 | 0.88 | 0.54 – 1.43 | 0.605 |
| Histology | ||||||
| Adenocarcinoma | reference | |||||
| Others | 1.09 | 0.75 – 1.56 | 0.656 | 1.26 | 0.83 – 1.90 | 0.280 |
| Liver metastasis | ||||||
| No | reference | |||||
| Yes | 2.08 | 1.61 – 2.69 | < 0.001 | 1.85 | 1.26 – 2.73 | 0.002 |
| Peritoneal metastasis | ||||||
| No | reference | |||||
| Yes | 0.95 | 0.68 – 1.31 | 0.742 | 0.91 | 0.57 – 1.44 | 0.674 |
| Lung metastasis | ||||||
| No | reference | |||||
| Yes | 1.39 | 0.95 – 1.31 | 0.09 | 1.40 | 0.86 – 2.29 | 0.176 |
| Number of metastasis | ||||||
| 0 or 1 | reference | |||||
| 2 or more | 1.59 | 1.21 – 2.09 | < 0.001 | 1.17 | 0.80 – 1.71 | 0.422 |
| Ascites | ||||||
| No | reference | |||||
| Yes | 1.52 | 1.12 – 2.05 | 0.007 | 1.37 | 0.93 – 2.00 | 0.112 |
| Albumin (g/dL), n (%) | ||||||
| >4 | reference | |||||
| 3 – 4 | 0.82 | 0.54 – 1.24 | 0.349 | 1.45 | 0.88 – 2.37 | 0.144 |
| <3 | 0.56 | 0.36 – 0.88 | 0.012 | 1.29 | 0.72 – 2.27 | 0.399 |
| LDH (U/L), n (%) | ||||||
| <240 | reference | |||||
| 240 – 360 | 1.91 | 1.32 – 2.77 | < 0.001 | 1.51 | 0.97 – 2.33 | 0.065 |
| >360 | 2.90 | 1.36 – 6.19 | 0.006 | 2.88 | 1.35 – 6.82 | 0.007 |
| CRP (mg/dL), n (%) | ||||||
| <0.3 | reference | |||||
| 0.3–3.0 | 1.45 | 1.09 – 1.92 | 0.010 | 1.12 | 0.81 – 1.55 | 0.503 |
| >3.0 | 3.04 | 2.09 – 4.43 | < 0.001 | 2.04 | 1.23 – 3.36 | 0.005 |
| CA19–9 (U/mL), n (%) | ||||||
| <37 | reference | |||||
| 37 – 370 | 1.24 | 0.84 – 1.84 | 0.285 | 1.18 | 0.77 – 1.80 | 0.441 |
| >370 | 1.91 | 1.36 – 2.68 | < 0.001 | 1.45 | 1.01 – 2.07 | 0.043 |
| AJCC TNM stage, n (%) | ||||||
| III | reference | |||||
| IV | 1.73 | 1.24 – 2.44 | 0.001 | 1.14 | 0.70 – 1.86 | 0.606 |
| First line regimen, n (%) | ||||||
| FFX | reference | |||||
| GnP | 0.86 | 0.66 – 1.11 | 0.249 | 0.99 | 0.72 – 1.36 | 0.942 |
Abbreviations: HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, CRP C–reactive protein, CA19–9 carbohydrate antigen 19–9, AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer, GnP gemcitabine plus nab–paclitaxel, FFX FOLFIRINOX