Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of TIA-patients with- and without ipsilateral vascular pathology and the need for invasive treatment (n = 812)
| No ipsilateral vascular pathology (n = 691) | Ipsilateral vascular pathology (n = 121) | P-value | No invasive treatment (n = 776) | Invasive treatment (n = 36) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||||
| Age, years ± SD | 71 ± 14 | 71 ± 13 | 0.760 | 71 ± 14 | 68 ± 11 | 0.165 |
| Sex (male, %) | 365 (52.8) | 78 (64.5) | 0.018 | 420 (54.1) | 23 (63.9) | 0.305 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (median mmHg, IQR) | 150 (135–168) | 148 (131–168) | 0.789 | 150 (132–169) | 149 (136–154) | 0.495 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (median mmHg, IQR) | 80 (70–90) | 80 (66–90) | 0.078 | 80 (70–90) | 80 (65–90) | 0.416 |
| NIHSS (median, IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.270 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0.75) | 0.097 |
| Duration of symptoms | 0.020 | 0.012 | ||||
| < 10 min | 107 (15.5) | 31 (25.6) | 126 (16.2) | 12 (33.3) | ||
| < 60 min | 163 (23.6) | 28 (23.1) | 181 (23.3) | 10 (27.8) | ||
| > 60 min | 421 (60.9) | 62 (51.2) | 469 (60.4) | 14 (38.9) | ||
| Co-morbidities | ||||||
| Arterial hypertension (n, %) | 551 (79.7) | 106 (87.6) | 0.042 | 625 (80.5) | 32 (88.9) | 0.213 |
| Hyperlipidaemia (n, %) | 590 (85.4) | 108 (89.3) | 0.258 | 663 (85.4) | 35 (97.2) | 0.047 |
| Atrial fibrillation (n, %) | 148 (21.4) | 29 (24.0) | 0.531 | 174 (22.4) | 3 (8.3) | 0.045 |
| Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 166 (24) | 29 (24) | 0.989 | 187 (24.1) | 8 (22.2) | 0.797 |
| Obesity (n, %) | 119 (17.2) | 26 (21.5) | 0.258 | 134 (17.3) | 11 (30.6) | 0.042 |
| Coronary heart disease (n, %) | 97 (14) | 31 (25.6) | 0.001 | 121 (15.6) | 7 (19.4) | 0.535 |
| Heart failure (n, %) | 91 (13.2) | 18 (14.9) | 0.611 | 104 (13.4) | 5 (13.9) | 0.933 |
| History of myocardial infarction (n, %) | 48 (6.9) | 20 (16.5) | < 0.001 | 6.4 (8.2) | 4 (11.1) | 0.544 |
| Aortic valve stenosis (n, %) | 38 (5.5) | 8 (6.6) | 0.625 | 44 (5.7) | 2 (5.6) | 0.977 |
| Chronic kidney disease (n, %) | 104 (15.1) | 22 (18.2) | 0.380 | 120 (15.5) | 6 (16.7) | 0.846 |
| PFO (n, %) | 119 (17.2) | 15 (12.4) | 0.187 | 130 (16.8) | 4 (11.1) | 0.373 |
| PFO + atrial aneurysm (n, %) | 23 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 0.042 | 23 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.295 |
| Pulmonal embolism (n, %) | 8 (1.2) | 2 (1.7) | 0.649 | 23 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.295 |
| History of cancer (n, %) | 74 (10.7) | 13 (10.7) | 0.991 | 84 (10.8) | 3 (8.3) | 0.637 |
| History of ischemic stroke (n, %) | 137 (19.8) | 33 (27.3) | 0.063 | 162 (20.9) | 8 (22.2) | 0.846 |
| TIA within the last seven days (n, %) | 85 (12.3) | 20 (16.5) | 0.201 | 96 (12.4) | 9 (25.0) | 0.027 |
| Medication | ||||||
| Antiplatelet medication (n, %) | 250 (36.2) | 70 (57.9) | < 0.001 | 299 (38.5) | 21 (58.3) | 0.017 |
| Dual antiplatelet medication (n, %) | 15 (2.2) | 10 (8.3) | < 0.001 | 24 (3.1) | 1 (2.8) | 0.915 |
| NOAK (n, %) | 50 (7.2) | 8 (6.6) | 0.806 | 56 (7.2) | 2 (5.6) | 0.705 |
| Marcumar (n %) | 66 (9.6) | 14 (11.6) | 0.429 | 78 (10.1) | 2 (5.6) | 0.376 |
| Antihypertensive medication (n, %) | 508 (73.5) | 100 (82.6) | 0.033 | 578 (74.5) | 30 (83.3) | 0.231 |
| Antihyperlipidemic medication (n, %) | 246 (35.6) | 69 (57) | < 0.001 | 295 (38) | 20 (55.6) | 0.035 |
SD Standard deviation, IQR Interquartile range, NIHSS National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, PFO Persistent foramen ovale, TIA Transient ischemic attack, NOAK New oral anticoagulant