Table 5.
In vitro and in vivo assays of extracts and chemical constituents of Psydrax species
| Species | Part of plant used | Extract | Compound | Assay method | Assay type | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. subcordata | R | PE, D, E, aM | – | In vitro | Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory | (Awah et al. 2012; Chukwujekwu et al. 2005) |
| SB | M | (1–10, 28–30, 34, 35, 51) | In vitro | Antiplasmodial, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antidiabetic | (Anokwah et al. 2016; Awantu et al. 2019; Zhou et al. 2019) | |
| L | aE | (3–10) |
In vivo In vitro |
Anticonvulsant Antidiabetic | (Daanaa et al. 2018; Zhou et al. 2019) | |
| Fr | E-O, EA, iBu, M | (11, 13, 15–19, 21) | In vitro | Antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, toxicity | (Essien et al. 2015; Joubouhi et al. 2017) | |
| P. palma | SB | M | – | In vitro | Antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal | (Memvanga et al. 2015; Mesia et al. 2008) |
| P. acutiflora | L/T | H, dP, D, EA, aM, W | – | In vitro | Anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial | (Ilboudo et al. 2013) |
| P. montigena | UsP | M | (22) | In vitro | Antiplasmodial | (Yang et al. 2016) |
| P. schimperiana | SB | D-M, W | – | In vitro | Cytotoxicity | (Ochwang’i et al. 2018) |
| Fr | M | (39, 51, 52) | In vitro | Insecticidal | (Schwarz et al. 1996) | |
| P. livida | L | A | – | In vitro | Antibacterial | (Mukandiwa et al. 2012a) |
| P. horizontalis | L | M | – | In vivo | antidiabetic | (Feenna et al. 2020) |
| P. dicoccos | L | PE, C, EA, M | – | In vitro | Antibacterial, antifungal | (Umaiyambigai et al. 2016) |
| P. peruviana | SB | H, M | – | In vitro | Antibacterial, antifungal | (Akoto et al. 2019) |
Plant parts used: Fr fruit, L leaves, R root, SB stem bark, T twig, NS not specified
Extracts used: A acetone; aE aqueous ethanol, aM aqueous methanol, C chloroform, D dichloromethane, D-M dichloromethane-methanol mixture, dP di-iso-propyl, E-O essential oil, E ethanol, EA ethyl acetate, H hexane, iBu iso-butanol, M methanol, PE petroleum ether, W water