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Diagram of the relationship between glycocalyx and the blood-brain barrier in health and dysfunctional states. In health: The intact glycocalyx can limit vascular wall permeability to macromolecules (including albumin).In dysfunction: When damage affects both the glycocalyx, increases in the vascular wall permeability will result, resulting in leukocyte adhesion and thrombosis. BM, basement membrane; TJ, tight junction; EC, endothelial cell.
