Table 3.
Adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia by intake of dairy products and their related nutrients, stratified by body mass index.
| Variables | Cases (N = 106) | Controls (N = 581) | OR (95% CI)a | OR (95% CI)b | P for interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total dairyc | <25 | 0.09 | ||||
| (g/day) | T1 (<31.16) | 14 | 78 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| T2 (31.16 – <135.66) | 13 | 78 | 0.96 (0.42–2.20) | 0.90 (0.37–2.18) | ||
| T3 (≥135.66) | 14 | 83 | 0.98 (0.43–2.22) | 1.05 (0.40–2.73) | ||
| P for trend | 0.97 | 0.86 | ||||
| ≥25 | ||||||
| T1 (<31.16) | 13 | 98 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||
| T2 (31.16 – <135.66) | 22 | 127 | 1.30 (0.63–2.77) | 1.25 (0.59–2.73) | ||
| T3 (≥135.66) | 30 | 117 | 1.93 (0.97–4.02) | 1.84 (0.85–4.14) | ||
| P for trend | 0.05 | 0.11 | ||||
| Protein | <25 | 0.13 | ||||
| (g/day) | T1 (<0.95) | 14 | 78 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| T2 (0.95 – <4.16) | 13 | 79 | 0.95 (0.41–2.18) | 0.90 (0.37–2.17) | ||
| T3 (≥4.16) | 14 | 82 | 0.99 (0.43–2.24) | 1.06 (0.40–2.76) | ||
| P for trend | 1.00 | 0.84 | ||||
| ≥25 | ||||||
| T1 (<1.00) | 17 | 112 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||
| T2 (1.00 – <4.16) | 18 | 114 | 1.03 (0.50–2.12) | 0.99 (0.47–2.09) | ||
| T3 (≥4.16) | 30 | 116 | 1.70 (0.90–3.31) | 1.60 (0.77–3.40) | ||
| P for trend | 0.07 | 0.15 | ||||
| Fat | <25 | 0.21 | ||||
| (g/day) | T1 (<0.84) | 11 | 78 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| T2 (0.84 – <3.64) | 15 | 81 | 1.39 (0.60–3.33) | 1.51 (0.61–3.90) | ||
| T3 (≥3.64) | 15 | 80 | 1.39 (0.60–3.32) | 1.66 (0.61–4.60) | ||
| P for trend | 0.58 | 0.44 | ||||
| ≥25 | ||||||
| T1 (<0.97) | 12 | 98 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||
| T2 (0.97 – <3.64) | 23 | 128 | 1.46 (0.70–3.17) | 1.48 (0.69–3.28) | ||
| T3 (≥3.64) | 30 | 116 | 2.11 (1.05–4.48) | 2.06 (0.94–4.71) | ||
| P for trend | <0.05 | 0.08 | ||||
| Calcium | <25 | 0.07 | ||||
| (mg/day) | T1 (<35.75) | 14 | 78 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |
| T2 (35.75 – <158.65) | 13 | 79 | 0.94 (0.41–2.15) | 0.87 (0.36–2.11) | ||
| T3 (≥158.65) | 14 | 82 | 1.00 (0.44–2.27) | 1.10 (0.42–2.90) | ||
| P for trend | 0.97 | 0.76 | ||||
| ≥25 | ||||||
| T1 (<36.44) | 13 | 98 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||
| T2 (36.44 – <158.65) | 24 | 126 | 1.43 (0.70–3.02) | 1.34 (0.64–2.90) | ||
| T3 (≥158.65) | 28 | 118 | 1.79 (0.89–3.74) | 1.70 (0.78–3.83) | ||
| P for trend | 0.13 | 0.20 | ||||
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; T, tertiles; Ref, reference.
aOR (95%CI): adjusted for age.
bOR (95%CI): adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking status, household income, total energy intake, abstinence time, and dietary patterns except those for dairy products.
cTotal dairy includes whole milk, skim/low-fat milk, cheese, and yogurt.