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. 2021 Dec 21;12:780043. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.780043

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Copyright © 2021 Broekhuizen, Hitzerd, van den Bosch, Dumas, Verdijk, van Rijn, Danser, van Eijck, Reiss and Mustafa

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mast cells and M2 macrophages are less abundant in the villi of early-onset preeclampsia (eoPE) placentas. M2 macrophages (CD68⁺CD163⁺, A), M1 macrophages (CD68⁺CD163^-, B) and mast cells (tryptase, C) were stained by immunohistochemistry and quantified in the villi and in the decidual area. The decidua was missing in 5 healthy, 9 early-onset preeclampsia and 5 late-onset preeclampsia slides. The lines represent median and interquartile ranges. Statistical significance was determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests. eoPE, early-onset preeclampsia; loPE, late-onset preeclampsia.