Table 4.

Elastic net regression models: risk factors for class membership.

	MOD 1: Class1 vs controls			MOD 2: Class 2 vs controls			MOD 3: Class 1 vs Class 2
	Estimate	Std. Error	p-value	Estimate	Std. Error	p-value	Estimate	Std. Error	p-value
(Intercept)	0.678	0.762	0.373	−0.069	0.82	0.933	−0.13	0.762	0.864
Age (unit increase)	−0.171	0.091	0.06	−0.269	0.1	0.007	0.078	0.093	0.402
Gender: Male	0.129	0.216	0.551	7.62e-06	0.000287	0.979	−4.49e-11	2.59e-09	0.986
BMI (unit increase)	0.022	0.028	0.426	0.042	0.028	0.142	−0.009	0.027	0.745
Crowding Index (unit increase)	0.21	0.213	0.325	0.693	0.319	0.03	−1.10e-04	0.004	0.978
Maternal History of asthma, Y/N	0.444	0.225	0.049	6.79e-06	0.000260	0.979	0.213	0.334	0.524
Paternal History of Asthma, Y/N	0.152	0.222	0.495	−5.59e-06	0.000245	0.982	0.388	0.325	0.232
Maternal education level (>8 years)	−0.252	0.215	0.241	−5.31e-06	0.000243	0.983	−2.09e-09	7.47e-08	0.978
Paternal education level (>8 years)	−0.056	0.212	0.79	3.67e-06	0.000239	0.988	−2.24e-04	0.008	0.978
Breastfeeding (≥3 months), Y/N	0.26	0.218	0.233	−0.103	0.296	0.727	0.584	0.301	0.052
Atopy, Y/N	0.61	0.22	0.005	1.298	0.368	<0.001	−0.819	0.431	0.058
Physical activity (>3 times/week)	−0.463	0.213	0.03	−0.042	0.293	0.885	−0.314	0.263	0.231
DII (unit increase)	0.169	0.083	0.042	−0.03	0.089	0.734	0.164	0.079	0.038
FAS: Medium vs Low	−0.045	0.199	0.82	−2.81e-09	0.000239	1	−0.061	0.294	0.835
FAS: High vs Low	−0.233	0.197	0.236	−0.065	0.305	0.831	−2.95e-11	2.42e-09	0.99
α	0			0.70			0.80
λ	4.87			3.55			1.98

Estimates are expressed as log-odds ratio.