Jiang 2015a.

Methods	Study design: Randomised clinical trial Study duration: October 2011 to May 2012 Duration of follow‐up: 2 years Setting: Hospital
Participants	Inclusion criteria: diagnosed as HCC by pathology and images; the number of tumours ≤ 4 cm; tumour maximal diameter of 5‐9 cm Exclusion criteria: With contraindications for intervention therapies Age (mean ± SD, range): TACE + RFA: 5 0 ± 9 years, 36‐72 years; TACE alone: 52 ± 10 years, 32‐78 years Male (n/total): TACE + RFA: 12/21; TACE alone: 14/21 Single/multiple tumour (patients): TACE + RFA: 13/8; TACE: 11/10
Interventions	TACE + RFA group (n = 21): TACE: Chemotherapeutic drugs: epirubicin 55 mg, cisplatin 50 mg, and mitomycin 8 mg RFA: The interval between TACE and RFA was 2 weeks. RANDIONICS system. Output power of 200 W and 12 minutes per RFA session TACE group (n = 21): Chemotherapeutic drugs: epirubicin 55 mg, cisplatin 50 mg, and mitomycin 8 mg
Outcomes	Tumour response: measured by CT, PET, or DSA 6‐month, 1‐year, and 2‐year survival rates
Notes	Country of study: China Source of funding: None There was insufficient information available to satisfactorily determine the method of randomisation and the study data could not be verified. We have attempted to contact the study authors for more information, but so far, we have not been successful in doing this.