Song 2016b.

Methods	Study design: Randomised clinical trial Study duration: January 2008 to June 2012 Duration of follow‐up: 3 years Setting: Hospital
Participants	Inclusion criteria: Diagnosed as HCC by images; no history of liver resection, liver transplantation, and ablation; with liver function of Child‐Pugh Class A or B; maximal tumour diameter > 5 cm; tumour number < 5; willing to sign a written informed consent document Exclusion criteria: With history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding; with abnormal haematopoietic function; with liver function of Child‐Pugh C; with liver abscess or biliary system infection Age (mean ± SD, range): TACE + MWA: 56.7 ± 8.5 years, 32‐86 years; TACE: 57.6 ± 7.6 years, 33‐85 years Male (n/total): TACE + MWA: 32/50; TACE alone: 33/50 Tumour diameter (mean ± SD, range): TACE + MWA: 8.45 ± 2.34 cm, 5‐15 cm; TACE: 9.25 ± 3.15 cm, 5.2‐16.3 cm Child‐Pugh Class (patients): Class A: TACE + MWA: 34; TACE: 35 Class B: TACE + MWA: 16; TACE: 15
Interventions	TACE + MWA group (n = 50): TACE: Chemotherapeutic drugs: 5‐fluorouracil 1 mg and oxaliplatin 120 mg MWA: The interval between TACE and RFA was 2‐4 weeks. Ultrasound‐guided MWA. In total of 6‐10 minutes per MWA session, with the ablation margin of 1 cm TACE group (n = 50): Chemotherapeutic drugs: 5‐fluorouracil 1 mg and oxaliplatin 120 mg
Outcomes	Tumour response, classified as complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progression Adverse events 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year survival rates
Notes	Country of study: China Source of funding: None There was insufficient information available to satisfactorily determine the method of randomisation and the study data could not be verified. We have attempted to contact the study authors for more information, but so far, we have not been successful in doing this.