Table 5. Risk factors of antihistamine-refractory cases.

Parameter	P value	OR (95% CI)
Female	0.258	1.30 (0.82–2.06)
UASday > 4	0.103	1.39 (0.94–2.06)
Positive anti-TPO IgE	< 0.001	2.89 (1.73–4.84)
Positive anti-TPO IgG	< 0.001	3.10 (1.95–4.95)
Positive anti-TG IgG	0.796	0.94 (0.59–1.50)
tIgE < 40 IU/mL	< 0.001	11.58 (7.77–17.25)
Positive inhalant sIgE	0.030	0.49 (0.26–0.94)

The P values in bold are statistically significant at level P < 0.05.

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; UASday, urticaria activity score for 1 day; TPO, thyroid peroxidase; TG, thyroglobulin; Ig, immunoglobulin; tIgE, total IgE; sIgE, specific IgE.