Table 8.

Effect of baseline severity of DR on progression of diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy

Study	Type of DM	Worsening of DR
DIEP study[28]	1	10.3% with no DR
		18.8 5 with mild NPDR
		54.8% with moderate to severe NPDR
		6% with minimal DR and 29% with Moderate NPDR progressed to PDR
Rahman et al.[6]	1	9.1% with no DR
		20% with NPDR
		58.3% with PDR
Temple et al.[29]	1	3.7% with no DR 30% with moderate to severe NPDR
Vestgaard et al.[32]	1	Worsening in 27%
Rasmussen et al.[7]	2	Worsening in 14%
Egan et al.[33]	1 and 2	Worsening in 25.9%
Axer – Siegel et al.[4]	1	Worsening in 77.5%
Rosenn et al.[34]	1	Worsening in 51%
Phelps et al.[31]	1	Worsening in 55%
DCCT[3]	1	1.63-fold risk of worsening after intensive treatment
Makhwana et al.[27]	1 and 2	4% overall progression

NPDR=Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy