Table 2.

Profile of diabetic retinopathy and factors associated with its threat to sight

Parameter	DR (n=381)		P	STHR (n=208)	NSTHR (n=173)	P
	Present n=381	Absent n=244
Age
<30 years	4	0	<0.0001****	4	0	0.162
31-50 years	75	109		36	39
51-70 years	281	131		155	126
>70 years	21	4		13	8
Gender
Male	204	96	0.0007***	110	94	0.862
Female	177	148		98	79
Literacy status
Literate	194	107	0.100	92	102	0.603
Illiterate	187	137		116	71
Residence
Rural	225	81	<0.0001****	122	103	0.916
Urban	156	163		86	70
Socioeconomic status
High	28	12	0.117	15	13	0.477
Middle	296	206		166	130
Low	57	26		27	30
Smoking status
Smokers	89	74	0.061	51	38	0.626
Non-smokers	292	170		157	135
Difficulty in accessing the health care facilities
Yes	194	103	0.055	116	78	0.048*
No	187	141		92	95
Duration of diabetes
≤10 years	321	220	0.046*	164	157	0.002**
>10 years	60	24		44	16
Use of Insulin
Yes	132	24	<0.0001****	88	44	0.0008***
No	249	220		120	129
Control of diabetes
Controlled	130	242	<0.0001****	20	110	<0.0001****
Uncontrolled	251	2		188	63
Other diabetic complications
Nephropathy
Present	24	0	<0.0001****	22	2	0.0003***
Absent	357	244		186	171
Neuropathy
Present	23	0	0.0001***	17	6	0.088
Absent	358	244		191	167
CAD
Present	58	11	<0.0001****	40	18	0.024*
Absent	323	233		168	155
Systemic diseases
Hypertension
Present	137	31	<0.0001****	60	77	0.002**
Absent	244	213		148	96

DR - Diabetic retinopathy; STDR - Sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy; NSTDR - Non-sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy; CAD - Coronary artery disease