Table 4.

Distribution of the serum levels of the sphingolipid metabolism parameters in the groups

Serum Levels	Control group n=15	Diabetes group n=30	NDR group n=11	NPDR group n=11	PDR group n=8	P (Control vs diabetes group)	P (Control vs diabetes subgroups)
S1P (ng/ml)	255.54±110.44	476.52±171.42	458.27±148.16	472.80±187.15	506.74±196.88	0.015	0.020
SK1 (ng/ml)	21.61±15.67	40.17±24.00	36.12±22.9	41.44±22.02	44.27±29.74	0.034	0.045
SK2 (ng/ml)	7.89±7.24	10.21±7.6	12.12±10.51	9.40±5.47	8.60±5.13	0.379	0.557
ASM (ng/ml)	15.85±3.18	19.73±3.43	19.75±2.47	22.02±2.51	16.86±3.56	0.006	<0.001
CK (ng/ml)	29.42±6.05	30.59±10.43	34.05±12.37	30.48±9.00	25.98±8.4	0.594	0.213