Table 4.

Multivariable adjusted linear regression models for explanation of eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²) by individual components of DASH diet score, Mediterranean diet score and German Food Pyramid Index.

DASH component (per 1-serving/day increase)	β-coefficient	SE	P- value
Grains‡	0.226	0.214	0.292
Vegetables‡	0.665	0.566	0.240
Fruits‡	−0.040	0.138	0.774
Nuts and legumes‡	13.172	2.594	<0.001
Dairy products‡	0.172	0.344	0.618
Meat, sausages, fish, eggs‡	−0.176	0.119	0.141
Added fat, oil‡	−0.058	0.099	0.561
Sweets, snacks‡	−0.021	0.099	0.834
Mediterranean food component (>median intake)	β-coefficient	SE	P- value
Cereals‡	1.733	0.743	0.020
Vegetables‡	−0.131	0.733	0.858
Fruits and nuts‡	0.292	0.720	0.685
Legumes‡	0.188	0.696	0.787
Fish‡	1.630	0.681	0.017
Meat‡	0.657	0.748	0.380
Dairy products‡	−1.663	0.700	0.018
Alcohol‡	0.610	0.756	0.420
Monounsaturated + polyunsaturated / saturated fats‡	1.755	0.692	0.011
GFPI component (per 1-serving/day increase)	β-coefficient	SE	P- value
Water and juice‡	−0.163	0.095	0.086
Vegetables‡	1.381	0.771	0.073
Fruits‡	−0.002	0.337	0.997
Cereals‡	0.348	0.412	0.398
Dairy products‡	−0.087	0.387	0.823
Meat, sausages, fish, eggs‡	−0.247	0.239	0.306
Added fat, oil‡	0.080	0.496	0.872
Sweets, snacks‡	−0.079	0.404	0.845

^‡Each component of dietary patterns was added individually into the model (not adjusted for the other food components), adjusting for gender, age (years), BMI (kg/m²), caloric intake (kJ/day), smoking (non-smoker, former smoker, smoker), alcohol intake (<3x/week, ≥3x/week), school education (completed ≤9^th, 10^th, ≥12^th grade), HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL), hypertension (yes/no), diabetes mellitus (yes/no).

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error.