Table 3.
Correlation analysis between metabolomics, biochemical and neuropsychological variables within the four study groups stratified according to the ApoE-ε4 genotype and sex (Pearson’s correlation coefficients are shown in brackets). Abbreviations are defined in Table S1
| Fε4- | Mε4- | Fε4+ | Mε4+ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biochemical variables | ||||
| Glucose |
FFAs: C14:0 (0.29), C16:0 (0.33), C16:1 (0.27), C17:0 (0.24), C18:0 (0.19), C18:1 (0.35), C18:2 (0.27), C18:3 (0.37), C20:4 (0.31), C22:4 (0.47), C22:5 (0.28), C22:6 (0.21) ACs: C2 (0.28), C3 (0.19), C8 (0.19), C10 (0.19), C12 (0.24), C14 (0.27), C16 (0.22), C18:1 (0.18) Others: creatinine (-0.19), lactic acid (0.26), pantothenic acid (0.21) |
FFAs: C14:0 (0.32), C16:0 (0.41), C17:0 (0.32), C18:0 (0.39), C18:1 (0.30), C18:2 (0.26), C18:3 (0.26), C20:4 (0.35), C22:4 (0.45), C22:5 (0.36), C22:6 (0.26) ACs: C2 (0.23) Others: creatinine (-0.37), lactic acid (0.26), pyruvic acid (0.28) |
FFAs: C16:1 (0.43), C18:1 (0.50), C18:3 (0.46) | |
| Creatinine |
ACs: C2 (0.25), C3 (0.18), C4 (0.28), C11 (0.14), C14 (0.17), C18:2 (0.19) Others: creatine (-0.24), pantothenic acid (0.31) |
FFAs: C16:0 (-0.17), C18:0 (-0.19), C18:1 (-0.18), C20:4 (-0.18), C22:4 (-0.25) ACs: C2 (0.25), C3 (0.21), C4 (0.35), C11 (0.18), C14 (0.17) |
ACs: C8 (0.33), C10 (0.39), C11 (0.41), C12 (0.36) Others: pantothenic acid (0.24) |
FFAs: C18:0 (-0.39) ACs: C3 (0.37), C4 (0.56) |
| Cholesterol |
FFAs: C22:4 (-0.11) ACs: C1 (-0.16), C2 (-0.15) Others: pantothenic acid (-0.20) |
FFAs: C20:4 (0.22), C20:5 (0.19) |
FFAs: C20:4 (0.42), C22:4 (0.26) Others: niacinamide (0.33) |
FFAs: C17:0 (0.42), C18:2 (0.44) |
| LDL-C |
FFAs: C16:1 (-0.14), C22:4 (-0.16) Others: pantothenic acid (-0.21) |
FFAs: C20:4 (0.21) Others: niacinamide (0.20), creatine (0.20) |
FFAs: C20:4 (0.30), Others: niacinamide (0.31) |
FFAs: C17:0 (0.46), |
| HDL-C |
FFAs: C18:1 (0.12), C20:4 (0.15), C22:6 (0.13) ACs: C8 (0.20), C10 (0.21), C11 (0.22), C12 (0.22) |
FFAs: C14:0 (0.19) ACs: C3 (-0.18), C18:1 (-0.22) Others: pantothenic acid (-0.21), niacinamide (-0.24) |
FFAs: C20:5 (0.34), C22:6 (0.21) Others: creatine (0.33) |
Others: creatinine (-0.42), pyruvic acid (-0.44) |
| Triglycerides |
FFAs: C14:0 (0.16), C16:0 (0.15), C22:4 (0.22) ACs: C3 (0.18), C14 (0.21), C16 (0.24) Others: thiamine (-0.18) |
ACs: C16 (-0.11) Others: niacinamide (0.34), pyruvic acid (0.25), citric acid (-0.23) |
FFAs: C14:0 (0.38), C16:0 (0.40), C17:0 (0.30), C18:0 (0.34), C18:1 (0.33), C18:2 (0.25), C18:3 (0.28), C20:4 (0.36), C22:4 (0.42), C22:5 (0.30) Others: pyruvic acid (0.32) |
FFAs: C14:0 (0.50), C17:0 (0.41), C18:2 (0.37), C18:3 (0.44), C22:5 (0.38) |
| Neuropsychological variables | ||||
| MMSE |
FFAs: C22:5 (0.19) ACs: C8 (0.22), C10 (0.19), C12 (0.23) Others: pantothenic acid (-0.20) |
FFAs: C22:4 (-0.43) ACs: C2 (-0.38), C14 (-0.43), C16 (-0.39) Others: creatine (0.54), pyruvic acid (-0.44) |
||
| BVRT | Others: pantothenic acid (-0.22) | Others: creatine (0.31) | Others: citric acid (0.72) | |
| IST | FFAs: C16:0 (-0.14), C16:1 (-0.16), C18:1 (-0.14), C22:4 (-0.14) | FFAs: C18:3 (0.17), C20:4 (0.24), C22:4 (0.20), C22:5 (0.19), C22:6 (0.19) | FFAs: C22:4 (-0.22) |
FFAs: C16:0 (0.44), C18:0 (0.54), C18:1 (0.40), C18:2 (0.37), C18:3 (0.40), C20:5 (0.62), C22:6 (0.66) Others: citric acid (0.43) |
| TMTA | ACs: C14 (-0.15), C18:1 (-0.15) | FFAs: C16:1 (0.19), C18:3 (0.23), C20:4 (0.24), C20:5 (0.28), C22:4 (0.19), C22:5 (0.28), C22:6 (0.33) | ACs: C3 (0.31), C4 (0.34), C16 (0.25), C18:1 (0.27) |
FFAs: C20:4 (0.71), C22:6 (0.43) Others: niacinamide (0.46) |
| TMTB |
FFAs: C22:4 (-0.13), C22:5 (-0.11) Others: citric acid (0.15) |
Others: niacinamide (-0.22) |
FFAs: C16:0 (0.30), C18:0 (0.34), C20:4 (0.24) Others: citric acid (0.29), lactic acid (0.43) |
Others: creatinine (-0.58) |
Abbreviations: F, female individuals non-carrying the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene; Mε4-, male individuals non-carrying the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene; Fε4+, female individuals carrying the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene; Mε4+, male individuals carrying the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination test; BVRT, Benton Visual Retention Test; IST, Isaac’s Set Test; TMTA, Trail-Making Test part A; TMTB, Trail-Making Test part B; FFAs, free fatty acids; ACs, acyl-carnitines.