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. 2021 Oct 8;5(5):655–663. doi: 10.1042/ETLS20210196

Table 2. Fusion-tags that are useful for membrane protein structural and functional studies.

Tag Use Binding Advantages Disadvantages
His-tag Purification, F-SEC along with NTA linked fluorescent peptides, Purification or experiments that require surface attachment (e.g Surface plasmon resonance) Nickel/Cobalt/Zinc Small tag; easy purification Relatively poor specificity
Fluorescent (GFP, YFP, mCherry) Tracking MP during expression and purification, purification. Specific nanobody or antibody Easy to track protein throughout expression and purification Large tags; more likely to affect protein function. Antibody/nanobody needed to use for purification
Strep II tag Purification or experiments that require surface attachment (e.g SPR) Streptavidin or Streptactin resin High-affinity and specificity purification High cost of specific resin
GST tag Purification or experiments that require surface attachment (e.g SPR) Glutathione (GSH) May increase MP yields, useful for pull-downs Propensity for GST to dimerise
HA Detection and purification of proteins HA-specific antibody Small tag Tag is cleaved in apoptotic cells
FLAG Detection and purification of proteins FLAG-specific antibody Small tag High cost of specific resin
ALFA-tag Detection and purification of proteins Specific nanobody Small tag; choice of nanobodies High cost of specific resin