Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of participants (n = 365)

	Plac (n = 91)		Prob (n = 92)	BBR (n = 84)	Prob+BBR (n = 98)		P value
Age, y	52.56 ± 9.44		52.11 ± 8.74	52.07 ± 10.81	52.9 ± 9.1		0.92
Male sex (%)	53 (54.08)		58 (63.04)	51 (60.71)	52 (57.14)		0.61
Body weight, kg	72.04 ± 12.18		71.72 ± 11.45	71.62 ± 13.1	70.63 ± 11.15		0.86
Waist circumference, cm	91.9 ± 8.98		91.34 ± 8.35	90.65 ± 9.4	90.56 ± 8.23		0.7
Hip circumference, cm	98.63 ± 6.6		97.91 ± 6.28	97.58 ± 7.09	98.19 ± 5.95		0.74
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	129.58 ± 14.72		127.9 ± 13.76	128.48 ± 14.6	125.71 ± 12.86		0.28
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	80.38 ± 9.16		79.65 ± 7.8	79.51 ± 9.1	78.69 ± 8.88		0.62
Body mass index, kg/m2	26.26 ± 3.42		25.47 ± 2.91	25.78 ± 3.36	25.46 ± 2.85		0.27
Fasting triglyceride (IQI), mg/dl	109.77 (82.33, 143.61)	113.53 (76.32, 181.01)		116.92 (84.77, 159.21)		124.44 (89.66, 177.82)	0.32
Fasting total cholesterol, mg/dl	199.37 ± 37.99		203.08 ± 40.94	192.32 ± 40.61	203.34 ± 37.27		0.21
Fasting LDL cholesterol, mg/dl	128.51 ± 32.91		132.24 ± 33.74	124.3 ± 34.21	131.36 ± 31.71		0.38
Fasting HDL cholesterol, mg/dl	47.64 ± 10.38		46.94 ± 10.41	47.05 ± 10.77	46.2 ± 8.89		0.81
Postprandial triglyceride (IQI), mg/dl	112.03 (77.82, 150.38)		113.53 (88.53, 169.55)	112.03 (90.23, 145.68)	119.55 (88.72, 158.08)		0.3
Postprandial total cholesterol, mg/dl	186.96 ± 36.1		187.17 ± 37.07	181.6 ± 39.02	189.35 ± 36.65		0.56
Postprandial LDL cholesterol, mg/dl	108.11 ± 30.79		103.93 ± 34.39	101.24 ± 32.49	108.66 ± 28.47		0.34
Postprandial HDL cholesterol, mg/dl	39.92 ± 8.68		38.03 ± 8.34	38.73 ± 7.99	38 ± 6.71		0.32

Data are presented as the mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. IQI, interquartile intervals.

Body mass index (BMI) is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.

The postprandial samples were drawn 120 min after taking 100 g standard noodle (a polysaccharide) provided by China Food Limited, COFCO (Beijing, China).⁴⁵