. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 4.

Published in final edited form as: Neurocrit Care. 2021 Jul 26;35(2):335–346. doi: 10.1007/s12028-021-01263-8

Table 2.

Bivariate analysis of mean 6-month GOSE score by brainstem injury subtypes: volume, location, and type

All BSI+ had an observed 6-mo GOSE score	n (%) or mean (SD)	6-mo GOSE score
All BSI+ had an observed 6-mo GOSE score	n (%) or mean (SD)	Mean	4–8 (%)	p value
Patients who were brainstem positive	29	2.7	28
Brainstem lesion volume
Mean (SD)	1.55 (2.22)			<0.001^a
< 1 cm³	17 (59%)	3.6	41	0.004^a
≥ 1 cm³	12 (41%)	1.4	8
Lesion location
(A) Anterior only	8 (28%)	3.1	38	0.99
(B) Posterior only	18 (62%)	2.6	28
(C) Both	3 (10%)	2.3	0
Lesion type
(1) TAI/shear	15 (52%)	4.0	47	0.002^a
(2) Contusion	6 (21%)	1.3	0
(3) Duret	8 (28%)	1.4	13

Comparison of mean 6-mo GOSE scores of patients with brainstem injury by brainstem injury characteristics. Statistical significance computed using Mann–Whitney and Spearman correlation as appropriate. The proportion of patients with GOSE scores of 4–8 is also listed

BSI+, brainstem and cerebrum injury, GOSE, Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended, SD, standard deviation, TAI, traumatic axonal injury

Denotes p value reaching significance