Table 3.

Strategies employed by researchers to detect asymptomatic Leishmania infection

Type	Test(s) used	No. of studies	References
1	Serological and molecular and cellular and parasitological	2	[72, 76]
2	Serological and molecular and cellular	13	[12, 18, 27, 51, 58, 63, 66, 80, 83, 85, 97, 100, 105]
3	Serological and molecular and parasitological	7	[35, 55, 61, 69, 78, 90, 119]
4	Serological and molecular	31	[11, 13, 17, 28, 32, 34, 41–43, 45, 46, 52–54, 59, 62, 64, 68, 73, 82, 86, 87, 91, 93, 95, 98, 99, 101, 108, 116–118]
5	Serological and cellular	14	[20, 21, 23–25, 29, 31, 49, 102, 103, 109–112]
6	Molecular and cellular	2	[14, 67]
7	Positive serological test(s) only	28	[22, 26, 30, 33, 36–39, 44, 47, 48, 50, 57, 70, 71, 74, 75, 77, 79, 81, 88, 92, 94, 96, 104, 106, 107, 114]
8	Positive molecular test(s) only	2	[41, 89]
9	Positive cellular test(s) only	5	[56, 60, 65, 113, 115]
10	Positive parasitological test only	1	[84]