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. 2021 Dec 26;13(12):1928–1946. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i12.1928

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©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Hematoxylin-eosin, Safranin-O and Toluidine blue staining. A: Hematoxylin-eosin staining at 4 wk after puncture in different groups; B: Quantitative analysis of histological score in different groups (scale bar = 1 mm); C: The expression of aggrecan and collagen type II in different groups (scale bar = 200 μm); D-E: Quantitative analysis of aggrecan and collagen type II in different groups. All data are expressed as the mean ± SD. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 compared with control group; ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01 compared with H₂O₂group; ^eP < 0.05, ^fP < 0.01 compared with UA group. HE: Hematoxylin-eosin; NP: Nucleus pulposus; AF: Annulus fibrosus; IDD: Intervertebral disc degeneration; UA: Urolithin A.