Table 1.
Association analyses of PIEZO1 E756del (rs59446030) with severe malaria in the Ghanaian case-control study
| SM study groupa ntotal = 4149 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| SM cases n = 2413 (%) | Controls n = 1736 (%) | Odds ratiob, 95% CI, p value | |
| PIEZO1 E756 genotype | |||
| WT/WT | 1483 (61.5) | 1037 (59.8) | Ref |
| WT/del | 699 (29.0) | 523 (30.1) | 0.91 (0.79–1.05) p = 0.19 |
| del/del | 91 (3.8) | 85 (4.9) | 0.71 (0.52–0.98) p = 0.04 |
| WT/ins | 107 (4.4) | 70 (4.0) | 1.04 (0.75–1.42) p = 0.83 |
| del/ins | 25 (1.0) | 16 (0.9) | 1.17 (0.61–2.24) p = 0.63 |
| ins/ins | 8 (0.3) | 5 (0.3) | 1.26 (0.40–3.94) p = 0.70 |
| Hemoglobin type | |||
| HbAA | 2128 (88.4) | 1,314 (75.8) | Ref |
| HbAS | 34 (1.4) | 263 (15.2) | 0.08 (0.05–0.12) p < 0.00001 |
| HbAC | 239 (9.9) | 148 (8.5) | 0.34 (0.12–0.99) p = 0.05 |
| HbCC | 6 (0.3) | 9 (0.5) | 0.93 (0.75–1.17) p = 0.55 |
| Median age, months (range) | 20 (7–117) | 30 (7–116) | |
| Sex (female, %) | 46.1 | 47.1 | |
| Ethnic group, n (%) | |||
| Akan | 1605 (66.5) | 1260 (72.6) | |
| Northerner | 698 (28.9) | 442 (25.4) | |
| Ewe | 73 (3.1) | 24 (1.4) | |
| Ga | 37 (1.5) | 10 (0.6) | |
SM severe malaria, CI confidence interval.
aSevere malaria case group includes discrete and partly overlapping phenotypes, severe malaria anemia defined as hemoglobin level <5 g/dl, cerebral malaria defined as Blantyre coma score <3, and hyperlactatemia; prostration, hyperparasitemia, respiratory distress.
bResults of logistic regression adjusted for age, sex and ethnic group.