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. 2021 Dec 22;12:802858. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.802858

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Copyright © 2021 Li, Xiang, Liang, Deng, Wang, Feng, Quan, Wang, Li, Lu, Yang, Wang, Zelinskyy, Trilling, Sutter, Lu, Dittmer, Yang, Zheng and Liu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses in individuals who received vaccines. (A) Dynamic changes of SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and NAb levels in 22 vaccinees. The dotted line indicates the cut-off value of the antibody. (B–D) Dynamic changes of the magnitude of T cell responses against S, N, and M in 16 vaccinees. The dynamics of different individuals are exhibited by lines of different colors. The numbers noted under the X-axis demonstrate the starting and ending days post the last vaccination. (E) Comparison of the magnitudes of T cell responses in 7 vaccinees detected at different time points after the first vaccination. (F) Comparison of the SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and NAb levels in 10 vaccinees at different time points after the first vaccination. The dotted line indicates the cut-off value of the antibody. Baseline: before vaccination; 1st: after the first vaccination; 2nd: after the second vaccination. Each symbol represents an individual donor with a line indicating the median of each group. Mann Whitney U test was used to test the statistical significance of data shown in (E, F). ***P < 0.001.