FIGURE 3.

(A) Time course of number of living cells during ultrasonic‐irradiated extractive fermentation with isopropyl myristate. Data represent the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. (B) Time course of number of total carotenoids production during ultrasonic‐irradiated extractive fermentation with isopropyl myristate. Data represent the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. (C) Volcano plot showing changes in gene expression between irradiated and non‐irradiated fermentations. The vertical axis indicates ‐log₁₀ (p‐value), and the horizontal axis indicates log₂ fold change. Vertical lines represent fold changes of ±1.5 (log₂ fold change is approximately ±0.58). The horizontal line represents a p‐value of 0.05 (‐log₁₀ p‐value is approximately 1.30). Red and blue dots represent up‐ and down‐regulated genes, respectively. Gray plot points represent genes whose expression level did not change