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. 2021 Dec 22;12:731483. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731483

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Copyright © 2021 Shawki, Saad, Rahmo, Wadie and El-Abhar.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of Lira on 3-NP-induced histologic alterations. Compared with the normal neuronal histological structures seen in (A–F) NC and (G–L) NC + Lira-treated group, the sections of the 3-NP-intoxicated rats show focal neuronal degeneration with gliosis in (M) cerebral cortex, normal morphology of (N) hippocampal subiculum, nuclear pyknosis and neuronal degeneration in (O) fascia dentate and hilus of the hippocampus, multiple focal eosinophilic plaques with focal gliosis and neuronal damage in (P) striatum, congestion of blood vessels in (Q) cerebellum, and normal morphology of (R) medulla oblongata. Sections of (S–X) 3-NP + Lira-treated group show normal histological structures of all assessed six areas (H&E × 80). Lira, liraglutide; NC, normal control; 3-NP, 3-nitropropionic acid.