TABLE 5.
Independent factors associated with differences in the SBP
| Attended | Unattended | Combined home | Morning home | Evening home | ||||||
| Variable | PE | 95% CI | PE | 95% CI | PE | 95% CI | PE | 95% CI | PE | 95% CI |
| Between visit 1 and visit 2 | ||||||||||
| Average BP (per 1 mmHg) | 0.09 | (−0.05 to 0.22) | 0.04 | (−0.06 to 0.15) | −0.13 | (−0.22 to −0.04)† | −0.11 | (−0.21 to −0.02)∗ | −0.07 | (−0.17 to 0.03) |
| Women (vs. men) | −0.64 | (−4.88 to 3.61) | −0.21 | (−3.58 to 3.15) | −1.55 | (−3.18 to 0.08) | −1.80 | (−3.64 to 0.05) | −1.43 | (−3.52 to 0.67) |
| Age (per 10 years) | −1.29 | (−3.25 to 0.67) | −0.31 | (−1.87 to 1.25) | 0.62 | (−0.13 to 1.37) | 0.61 | (−0.25 to 1.46) | 0.53 | (−0.44 to 1.50) |
| Overweight | −3.25 | (−7.03 to 0.54) | −1.21 | (−4.22 to 1.79) | −1.26 | (−2.72 to 0.19) | −1.64 | (−3.29 to 0.01) | −0.93 | (−2.80 to 0.93) |
| Current smoker | −0.28 | (−7.13 to 6.57) | 2.04 | (−3.39 to 7.47) | −0.21 | (−2.84 to 2.42) | −0.28 | (−3.26 to 2.70) | −0.28 | (−3.65 to 3.09) |
| Current habitual drinking | 1.10 | (−2.94 to 5.14) | 1.84 | (−1.37 to 5.05) | −0.15 | (−1.70 to 1.41) | 0.26 | (−1.51 to 2.03) | −0.44 | (−2.46 to 1.57) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.51 | (−4.21 to 5.24) | −1.10 | (−4.83 to 2.64) | −0.12 | (−1.94 to 1.70) | −0.67 | (−2.73 to 1.38) | 0.53 | (−1.80 to 2.86) |
| Dyslipidaemia | 2.25 | (−1.65 to 6.15) | 2.56 | (−0.53 to 5.65) | 1.29 | (−0.21 to 2.79) | 0.96 | (−0.74 to 2.66) | 1.64 | (−0.29 to 3.56) |
| Previous CV disease | −2.22 | (−11.2 to 6.78) | −2.90 | (−10.0 to 4.23) | 0.00 | (−3.45 to 3.46) | −0.30 | (−4.21 to 3.61) | 0.11 | (−4.43 to 4.65) |
| Katsuya Clinic (vs. MC) | 1.70 | (−3.14 to 6.54) | 0.13 | (−3.76 to 4.02) | −0.10 | (−2.00 to 1.80) | 0.37 | (−1.80 to 2.54) | −0.64 | (−3.03 to 1.75) |
| YSBC (vs. MC) | −0.79 | (−5.65 to 4.06) | −2.05 | (−5.87 to 1.77) | 0.93 | (−0.84 to 2.71) | 1.08 | (−0.91 to 3.08) | 0.30 | (−1.98 to 2.58) |
| DDD at baseline (per unit) | 2.63 | (0.96 to 4.31)† | 1.86 | (0.53 to 3.18)† | 0.54 | (−0.14 to 1.21) | 0.51 | (−0.25 to 1.26) | 0.43 | (−0.42 to 1.28) |
| Changes in DDD (per unit) | 32.0 | (17.9 to 46.0)§ | 26.8 | (15.6 to 38.0)§ | 10.2 | (4.76 to 15.6)‡ | 11.6 | (5.49 to 17.8)‡ | 8.75 | (1.90 to 15.6)∗ |
| Between visit 1 and visit 3 | ||||||||||
| Average BP (per 1 mmHg) | −0.02 | (−0.15 to 0.11) | 0.11 | (−0.03 to 0.25) | −0.09 | (−0.22 to 0.04) | −0.05 | (−0.19 to 0.09) | −0.02 | (−0.15 to 0.10) |
| Women (vs. men) | 0.62 | (−3.64 to 4.87) | −1.08 | (−5.06 to 2.91) | −0.80 | (−2.90 to 1.30) | −0.92 | (−3.35 to 1.51) | −1.07 | (−3.52 to 1.39) |
| Age (per 10 years) | −0.51 | (−2.49 to 1.47) | −0.25 | (−2.11 to 1.60) | 0.20 | (−0.78 to 1.18) | 0.35 | (−0.79 to 1.49) | −0.10 | (−1.24 to 1.05) |
| Overweight | −3.99 | (−7.78 to −0.20)∗ | −3.11 | (−6.66 to 0.44) | −1.60 | (−3.48 to 0.27) | −2.04 | (−4.21 to 0.13) | −1.33 | (−3.51 to 0.85) |
| Current smoker | −1.37 | (−8.24 to 5.49) | −0.28 | (−6.72 to 6.17) | −0.58 | (−3.98 to 2.81) | −0.45 | (−4.38 to 3.49) | −0.93 | (−4.92 to 3.06) |
| Current habitual drinking | 3.67 | (−0.39 to 7.73) | 0.02 | (−3.78 to 3.82) | 0.09 | (−1.91 to 2.10) | 1.11 | (−1.21 to 3.43) | −1.18 | (−3.54 to 1.18) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.78 | (−1.95 to 7.52) | 0.71 | (−3.72 to 5.14) | −1.19 | (−3.53 to 1.16) | −1.77 | (−4.48 to 0.94) | 0.08 | (−2.65 to 2.80) |
| Dyslipidaemia | 1.06 | (−2.86 to 4.98) | 1.40 | (−2.29 to 5.08) | 0.93 | (−1.01 to 2.87) | 1.40 | (−0.86 to 3.65) | 0.34 | (−1.91 to 2.60) |
| Previous CV disease | −0.20 | (−9.23 to 8.82) | 0.82 | (−7.63 to 9.26) | 0.42 | (−4.04 to 4.87) | −1.27 | (−6.44 to 3.89) | 1.71 | (−3.56 to 6.98) |
| Katsuya Clinic (vs. MC) | −1.55 | (−6.42 to 3.33) | −2.82 | (−7.43 to 1.80) | 1.46 | (−0.97 to 3.90) | 1.51 | (−1.34 to 4.35) | 1.20 | (−1.57 to 3.96) |
| YSBC (vs. MC) | −3.63 | (−8.51 to 1.24) | −1.39 | (−6.04 to 3.26) | 3.24 | (0.94 to 5.53)† | 3.49 | (0.83 to 6.14)∗ | 2.74 | (0.05 to 5.43)∗ |
| DDD at baseline (per unit) | 0.07 | (−1.64 to 1.78) | 0.93 | (−0.67 to 2.53) | 0.88 | (−0.01 to 1.77) | 1.01 | (−0.01 to 2.03) | 0.51 | (−0.50 to 1.52) |
| Changes in DDD (per unit) | 3.42 | (0.43 to 6.41)∗ | 4.71 | (1.91 to 7.51)† | 1.55 | (0.07 to 3.03)∗ | 1.47 | (−0.25 to 3.19) | 1.53 | (−0.19 to 3.25) |
Point estimates (PEs) reflect the increase in the SBP difference per variable unit. Combined home BPs were the average of morning and evening home BPs at each visit. Changes in defined daily doses (DDD) were calculated from that at the later visit (visit 2 or visit 3) minus that at visit 1. Evening home measurements were unavailable in eight patients at visits 1 and/or 2, and in 11 patients at visits 1 and/or 3. Unattended and attended denote unattended office BP and conventionally measured attended office BP, respectively. The variance inflation factors were 1.82 or less. CI, confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular; MC, Miyakawa Clinic; YSBC, Yokohama Sotetsu bldg. Clinic. Significance of differences: ∗P < 0.05; †P < 0.01; ‡P < 0.001; and §P < 0.0001.