Table 2.

The pooled prevalence of upper and lower back pain after sensitivity analysis.

Pain	Variable	Prevalence (%)	95% CI	I 2	P value
Low back pain	After excluding lower outcome	55.7	50.2-61.1	96.0.48	<.001
	After excluding small sample size and small prevalence	56.9	51.5-62.2	95.867	.012
Upper back pain	By removing lower outcome	28.1	18.9-39.7	98.104	<.001
	Removing small sample size and small prevalence	29.4	20.3-40.5	97.897	<.001