Erbay 2001.

Methods	Treatment allocation: Women randomly assigned to receive spinal, epidural or combined spinal/epidural anaesthesia. No other details of methodology given. Allocation concealment: No details given. Documentation of exclusions: No exclusions. Blinding of outcome assessment: Not mentioned. Losses to follow up: None.
Participants	Inclusion criteria: 60 healthy women scheduled for caesarean section at a university hospital in Turkey. Exclusion criteria: None mentioned. Number lost to follow up: None.
Interventions	Spinal anaesthesia: 2.5 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Epidural anaesthesia: 10 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine.
Outcomes	Time for block to reach T4 was measured. Maternal satisfaction was assessed with no details as to how this was done. Maternal hypotension was recorded and reported as ephedrine requirement in each group, not number of women treated. Additional anaesthetic requirements and quality of anaesthesia was reported but with no further details. Nausea, vomiting and urinary retention was observed as "more often in the spinal group". Postoperative complications was recorded (see above). Neonates were assessed but no interventions were mentioned.
Notes	Turkey. Study in abstract form only. Results not given in numerical format.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear