Table 3.
Comparisons of participants’ characteristics, radiographic measurements, and grades of hallux valgus severity between feet with and without self-recognition about hallux valgus
| Men | P-value | Women | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-recognition | Self-recognition | |||||
| Yes (n = 71) | No (n = 1237) | Yes (n = 586) | No (n = 2098) | |||
| Age (years) | 67.6 ± 11.2 | 63.6 ± 13.8 | 0.0183 | 65.9 ± 10.6 | 64.0 ± 12.5 | 0.0006 |
| Height (cm) | 166.1 ± 7.6 | 167.2 ± 6.6 | 0.1824 | 153.0 ± 6.6 | 153.7 ± 6.3 | 0.0367 |
| Body weight (kg) | 64.6 ± 11.1 | 66.1 ± 11.1 | 0.2811 | 52.6 ± 8.3 | 52.6 ± 9.2 | 0.9934 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 23.6 ± 3.3 | 0.6486 | 22.5 ± 3.1 | 22.3 ± 3.6 | 0.2934 |
| HVA (degrees) | 23.8 ± 9.6 | 13.8 ± 5.4 | < 0.0001 | 26.0 ± 8.9 | 15.7 ± 5.9 | < 0.0001 |
| IPA (degrees) | 12.9 ± 8.7 | 16.8 ± 4.4 | < 0.0001 | 11.0 ± 7.4 | 16.0 ± 4.8 | < 0.0001 |
| IMA (degrees) | 11.3 ± 4.0 | 7.9 ± 2.2 | < 0.0001 | 11.1 ± 3.3 | 8.3 ± 2.1 | < 0.0001 |
| HV grade (feet [%]a) | ||||||
| Normal | 25 (2.3%) | 1067 (97.7%)b | < 0.0001 | 141 (8.2%) | 1570 (91.8%)b | < 0.0001 |
| Mild | 31 (16.5%)b | 157 (83.5%) | 252 (34.1%)b | 488 (65.9%) | ||
| Moderate | 9 (41.0%)b | 13 (59.0%) | 160 (80.0%)b | 40 (20.0%) | ||
| Severe | 6 (100%)b | 0 (0.0%) | 33 (100%)b | 0 (0.0%) | ||
HVA hallux valgus angle, IPA interphalangeal angle, IMA intermetatarsal angle between 1st and 2nd metatarsals, HV hallux valgus
a Percentage was calculated as a ratio between those with or without self-recognition in each grade of HV severity
bSignificantly higher proportion detected from adjusted residual analysis