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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 16.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Feb 26;55(6):3530–3538. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04328

Table 3.

Model structure for the best model selected by AQS and fixed site cross-validation for each pollutant and region

Pollutant Location No. of time trends No. of PLS scores df/year in time trend Spatial smoothing
Long-term average (β0) Time trend coefficients (βi)
NO2 Los Angeles, CA 2 3 4 Yes Yes
NOx Los Angeles, CA 2 2 8 Yes Yes
Baltimore, MD 1 2 4 Yes Yes