Table 1.
Characteristics of participants in the Epidemiology in Kidney Transplantation (EKiTE) cohort at the time of kidney transplantation
| Characteristics | All Included Participants | Clamping Afternoon (Noon–Midnight) (n=1742) | Clamping Morning (Midnight–Noon) (n=3264) | Declamping Afternoon (Noon–Midnight) (n=3773) | Declamping Morning (Midnight–Noon) (n=1253) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recipient | |||||
| Age, yr | 56 (14) | 55 (14) | 55 (14) | 56 (14) | 55 (14) |
| Sex, male | 3226 (64) | 1121 (64) | 2105 (64) | 2434 (65) | 804 (64) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.6 (5.0) | 25.7 (5.2) | 25.5 (4.9) | 25.5 (4.9) | 25.6 (5.3) |
| Duration on waiting list, d | 615 (578) | 591 (561) | 628 (588) | 630 (593) | 570 (532) |
| Preemptive transplantation | 671 (13) | 232 (13) | 439 (13) | 495 (13) | 178 (14) |
| Primary diagnosis | |||||
| Diabetes | 438 (11) | 136 (8) | 302 (9) | 358 (9) | 84 (7) |
| GN | 955 (25) | 307 (18) | 648 (20) | 732 (19) | 224 (18) |
| Renovascular disease | 478 (12) | 160 (9) | 318 (10) | 381 (10) | 97 (8) |
| Tubulointerstitial disease | 1404 (36) | 435 (25) | 969 (30) | 1128 (30) | 286 (23) |
| Unknown | 613 (16) | 153 (9) | 460 (14) | 504 (13) | 114 (9) |
| History of diabetes | 1030 (21) | 386 (22) | 644 (20) | 775 (21) | 262 (21) |
| History of vascular disease | 768 (15) | 282 (16) | 486 (15) | 583 (15) | 187 (15) |
| History of cardiac disease | 1363 (27) | 470 (27) | 893 (27) | 1046 (28) | 324 (26) |
| History of malignancy | 509 (10) | 162 (9) | 347 (11) | 404 (11) | 107 (9) |
| Positive CMV serology | 3261 (66) | 1142 (66) | 2119 (65) | 2438 (65) | 834 (67) |
| Positive HIV serology | 46 (1) | 6 (0) | 40 (1) | 38 (1) | 9 (1) |
| HLA sensitization | |||||
| Anti–class I | 1225 (28) | 450 (31) | 775 (27) | 928 (28) | 302 (29) |
| Anti–class II | 882 (21) | 283 (20) | 599 (21) | 701 (21) | 186 (18) |
| Recipient blood group | |||||
| A | 2206 (44) | 762 (44) | 1444 (44) | 1681 (45) | 537 (43) |
| AB | 238 (5) | 91 (5) | 147 (5) | 179 (5) | 60 (5) |
| B | 559 (11) | 195 (11) | 364 (11) | 418 (11) | 142 (11) |
| O | 2001 (40) | 694 (40) | 1307 (40) | 1494 (40) | 513 (41) |
| Donor | |||||
| Age, yr | 54 (17) | 55 (17) | 54 (17) | 55 (17) | 53 (17) |
| Sex, male | 2876 (57) | 991 (57) | 1885 (58) | 2157 (57) | 731 (58) |
| ECD | 2343 (47) | 844 (49) | 1499 (46) | 1806 (48) | 548 (44) |
| Death by CVA | 2897 (59) | 1073 (63) | 1824 (57) | 2169 (59) | 741 (61) |
| Positive donor CMV serology | 2970 (60) | 1055 (61) | 1915 (59) | 2226 (59) | 758 (61) |
| Donor blood group | |||||
| A | 2223 (45) | 767 (44) | 1456 (45) | 1690 (45) | 546 (44) |
| AB | 195 (4) | 77 (4) | 118 (4) | 153 (4) | 42 (3) |
| B | 494 (10) | 171 (10) | 323 (10) | 377 (10) | 117 (9) |
| O | 2080 (42) | 723 (41) | 1357 (42) | 1544 (41) | 543 (43) |
| Intensive care events | |||||
| Cardiac arrest | 1133 (23) | 352 (20) | 781 (24) | 889 (24) | 251 (20) |
| Use of vasoactive drugs | 4206 (90) | 1474 (90) | 2732 (90) | 3179 (90) | 1043 (89) |
| Terminal serum creatinine, mg/dl | |||||
| <1 | 3260 (70) | 1148 (66) | 2112 (65) | 2459 (65) | 812 (65) |
| 1–1.5 | 900 (19) | 290 (17) | 610 (19) | 697 (18) | 208 (17) |
| ≥1.5 | 524 (11) | 178 (10) | 346 (11) | 415 (11) | 113 (9) |
| Transplantation | |||||
| Transplantation year | |||||
| 2005–2008 | 1091 (22) | 443 (25) | 648 (20) | 344 (9) | 749 (60) |
| 2009–2012 | 1713 (34) | 638 (37) | 1075 (33) | 458 (12) | 1265 (101) |
| 2013–2017 | 2202 (44) | 661 (38) | 1541 (47) | 451 (12) | 1759 (140) |
| HLA-A/-B/-DR incompatibilities ≥4 | 673 (14) | 240 (14) | 433 (13) | 532 (14) | 144 (12) |
| Machine perfusion | 677 (20) | 199 (20) | 478 (20) | 555 (20) | 126 (20) |
| Preservation solution | |||||
| Extracellular | 3941 (81) | 1407 (81) | 2534 (78) | 2917 (77) | 1037 (83) |
| Intracellular | 257 (5) | 79 (5) | 178 (5) | 204 (5) | 55 (4) |
| HMP solution | 225 (5) | 62 (4) | 163 (5) | 187 (5) | 41 (3) |
| Other | 447 (9) | 152 (9) | 295 (9) | 363 (10) | 85 (7) |
| Cold ischemia time, h | 12.6 (9.5) | 11.7 (10.5) | 13.1 (8.8) | 13.0 (8.5) | 11.6 (11.8) |
| Depleting induction | 2870 (57) | 1105 (63) | 1765 (54) | 2107 (56) | 773 (62) |
| One-year events | |||||
| BK virus infection | 276 (7) | 87 (7) | 189 (7) | 220 (7) | 57 (7) |
| CMV infection | 570 (15) | 155 (13) | 415 (15) | 470 (15) | 103 (13) |
| Pyelonephritis | 558 (15) | 177 (16) | 381 (15) | 440 (15) | 120 (17) |
| Biopsy sample–proven rejection | 605 (12) | 197 (11) | 408 (13) | 476 (13) | 130 (10) |
Numbers are n (%) for categoric variables and mean (SD) for continuous variables. The following data were not available: recipient BMI, n=136; preemptive transplantation, n=11; duration on waiting list, n=218; primary diagnosis of kidney disease, n=1118; positive recipient CMV serology, n=38; positive recipient HIV serology, n=29; HLA class I sensitization, n=682; HLA class II sensitization, n=710; recipient blood group, n=2; ECD donor status, n=24; donor cardiac arrest in intensive care, n=17; use of vasoactive drugs in intensive care, n=321; donor blood group, n=14; donor terminal creatininemia, n=322; HLA-A/-B/-DR incompatibilities, n=42; machine perfusion, n=1660; preservation solution, n=136; 1-year BK virus infection, n=1143; 1-year CMV infection, n=1143; 1-year pyelonephritis, n=1374. EKiTE, Epidemiology in Kidney Transplantation–a European validated database; BMI, body mass index; CMV, cytomegalovirus; ECD, expanded criteria donor; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; HMP, hypothermic machine perfusion.