Table 3.

Predictors of flares after withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy

Authors	Clinical Predictors	Therapy Predictors	Histologic Predictors
De Rosa et al. (17) 2018	Short duration of SLE at repeated kidney biopsy		Activity index >2 at repeated kidney biopsy
Goswami et al. (13) 2019	Short duration of SLE at withdrawal of therapy (<8 years)	Short duration of steroid before stop (4.7 versus 6.8 yr),a no treatment with IS; only for kidney flares: lower initial dose of steroids, presence of AIHA
Tani et al. (12) 2019	SLEDAI>4 at stop therapy; short time from last flare (0.93 versus 6 yr)
Zen et al. (14) 2017	Short duration of remission at stop therapy	No use of antimalarial therapy
Moroni et al. (10) 2013	Short duration of remission at stop therapy (1 versus 4.4 yr)	Short duration of therapy before stop (2.6 versus 8.2 yr); no use of antimalarial therapy
Zen et al. (11) 2021	Younger age at discontinuation of therapy; remission <3 yr at discontinuation of therapy	No use of antimalarials after discontinuation of therapy

IS, immunosuppressor; AIHA, autoimmune hemolytic anemia; SLEDAI, SLE disease activity index.

^a The probability of not having a flare is 3.2 times lower for each additional year of steroids administered after remission activity index.