Table 1.
Characteristics of 1108 patients requiring chronic HD stratified by quartiles of oxalate concentration at baseline (4D Study)
| Characteristics | Quartile 1 ≤29.6 µM n=274 |
Quartile 2 29.7–42.3 µM n=279 |
Quartile 3 42.4–59.6 µM n=274 |
Quartile 4 ≥59.7 µM n=281 |
P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 67.6 (8.1) | 66.1 (8.3) | 66.1 (8.1) | 65.6 (8.5) | 0.03 |
| Male, n (%) | 159 (58) | 153 (55) | 148 (54) | 143 (51) | 0.41 |
| Atorvastatin treatment, n (%) | 132 (48) | 140 (50) | 137 (50) | 135 (48) | 0.95 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 30 (11) | 22 (8) | 22 (8) | 25 (9) | 0.43 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 143 (23) | 146 (21) | 145 (21) | 147 (23) | 0.08 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 76 (11) | 75 (10) | 77 (11) | 76 (12) | 0.54 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.6 (4.4) | 27.8 (5.2) | 27.0 (4.3) | 27.2 (5.0) | 0.20 |
| Duration of diabetes, yrs | 18.3 (9.1) | 17.9 (8.3) | 17.8 (8.5) | 18.4 (8.4) | 0.81 |
| Time on HD, mo | 6.4 (6.0) | 7.4 (6.2) | 9.1 (7.4) | 9.8 (7.2) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol total, mg/dl | 215 (41) | 217 (44) | 217 (40) | 217 (36) | 0.91 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 125 (28) | 127 (33) | 125 (29) | 126 (27) | 0.95 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 35 (11) | 37 (14) | 37 (14) | 39 (14) | 0.004 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 249 (142) | 237 (115) | 241 (124) | 228 (113) | 0.241 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 10.8 (1.3) | 10.8 (1.4) | 11.0 (1.3) | 11.0 (1.3) | 0.46 |
| Albumin,g/dl | 3.77 (0.3) | 3.81 (0.3) | 3.84 (0.3) | 3.90 (0.3) | 0.001 |
| CRP, µg/ml, median (IQR) | 5.2 (8.5) | 6.1 (8.8) | 6.5 (8.3) | 7.6 (8.6) | 0.47 |
| Phosphate, mg/dl | 5.3 (1.3) | 6.1 (1.6) | 6.2 (1.5) | 6.5 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Leukocytes, x 103/µl | 7.8 (2.3) | 8.1 (2.5) | 8.3 (2.5) | 8.2 (2.5) | 0.04 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.8 (1.2) | 6.7 (1.2) | 6.7 (1.3) | 6.7 (1.3) | 0.40 |
| ADMA, µmol/L | 0.86 (0.2) | 0.86 (0.15) | 0.87 (0.15) | 0.88 (0.17) | 0.43 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 5.5 (1.9) | 6.6 (2.1) | 7.5 (2.2) | 8.1 (2.1) | <0.001 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/ml | 5771.6 | 7760.5 | 9218.4 | 17745.0 | 0.001 |
| Aldosteron, ng/dl | 66.60 (120.6) | 83.00 (165.2) | 108.5 (197.6) | 123.2 (297.9) | 0.007 |
| TNF, pg/ml | 0.86 (0.2) | 0.86 (0.15) | 0.87 (0.15) | 0.88 (0.17) | 0.454 |
| Use of diuretics, n (%) | 227 (83) | 223 (80) | 206 (75) | 211 (75) | 0.60 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 244 (89) | 243 (87) | 247 (90) | 250 (89) | 0.73 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 85 (31) | 75 (27) | 85 (31) | 79 (28) | 0.64 |
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 107 (39) | 98 (35) | 96 (35) | 87 (31) | 0.26 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 44 (16) | 46 (16) | 48 (18) | 43 (15) | 0.653 |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean (SD) or median (IQR) where appropriate, categorical variables as n (%). CRP, C-reactive protein; IQR, interquartile range; ADMA, Asymmetric dimethylarginine.
a
P value of ANOVA F statistic (for continuous outcomes) or Pearson chi square statistic (for categorical outcomes).