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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Can J Stat. 2021 Feb 15;49(1):203–227. doi: 10.1002/cjs.11606
Algorithm 2. Asymptotic confidence interval
Input:matrices:X,ZandQ,estimate:B^=[β^gPb^gP],optimal parameters:λQandλR,function:ψ1.Define:X[X,Z],θXB^andΨdiag{ψ(θ1),,ψ(θn)}2.Constructm+pbym+pmatrix:Q[[0m×m0p×m0m×pλQQ+λRIp]3.Calculate the variance ofB^:varaB^(XTΨX+Q)1XTΨX(XTΨX+Q)14.Define the asymptotic confidence interval (CI) forBiasCIasmp(Bi)(B^i1.96(varaB^)ii,B^i+1.96(varaB^)ii)