Table 1.
Patient demographics and pain characteristics at baseline according to the opioid use profile and for the total sample.
| Nonusers | Non-lasting users | Lasting users | Total | |
| |
N (%) |
N (%) |
N (%) |
N (%) |
| N | 460 (51,5%) | 273 (30,6%) | 160 (17,9%) | 893 |
| Sex | ||||
| Females | 284 (61,7%) | 176 (64,5%) | 94 (58,8%) | 554 (62%) |
| Males | 176 (38,3%) | 97 (35,5%) | 66 (41,2%) | 339 (38%) |
| Age | ||||
| Age≤40 | 88 (19,6%) | 46 (17,0%) | 24 (15,1%) | 158 (18%) |
| 40<Age<60 | 217 (48,2%) | 151 (55,9%) | 95 (59,7%) | 463 (52,7%) |
| Age≥60 | 145 (32,2%) | 73 (27,1%) | 40 (25,2%) | 258 (29,4%) |
| Pain duration (in yrs) | ||||
| 1 yr or less | 74 (16,1%) | 44 (16,2%) | 24 (15,0%) | 142 (15,9%) |
| more than 1 up to 5 yrs | 220 (47,8%) | 151 (55,5%) | 67 (41,9%) | 438 (49,1%) |
| more than 5 yrs | 166 (36,1%) | 77 (28,3%) | 69 (43,1%) | 312 (35%) |
| Pain frequency in past 7 days | ||||
| Always present | 383 (83,3%) | 245 (90,1%) | 147 (91,9%) | 775 (86,9%) |
| Occasionally | 77 (16,7%) | 27 (9,9%) | 13 (8,1%) | 117 (13,1%) |
| Type of pain | ||||
| Non neuropathic | 99 (24,3%) | 48 (19,4%) | 43 (29,23%) | 190 (23,7%) |
| Mixed evidence | 189 (46,3%) | 104 (42,1%) | 65 (44,2%) | 358 (44,6%) |
| Neuropathic | 120 (29,4%) | 95 (38,5%) | 39 (26,5%) | 254 (31,7%) |
| Means ± SD | ||||
| Average pain in past 7 days | 6,52 ± 2,0 | 6,94 ± 1,9 | 7,07 ± 1,6 | 6,75 ± 1,9 |
| Worst pain in past 7 days | 7,92 ± 1,9 | 8,39 ± 1,6 | 8,67 ± 1,3 | 8,20 ± 1,7 |
| Pain interference (BPI-10) | 52,74 ± 22,0 | 59,61 ± 22,2 | 61,19 ± 19,5 | 56,38 ± 21,9 |
| Physical quality of life (SF-12v2 score) | 30,72 ± 9,4 | 28,41 ± 8,1 | 28,32 ± 7,8 | 29,58 ± 8,8 |
| Mental health–related quality of life (SF-12v2 score) | 41,52 ± 11,8 | 39,87 ± 11,7 | 38,87 ± 11,7 | 40,47 ± 11,8 |
BPI-10 = Brief Pain Inventory-10; SF-12v2 = Short-Form-12 Health Survey Version 2.