Table 1.
Demographic data of participants with PTSD who completed the pain flashbacks measure. For comparision, the 87 who did not complete the measure are also presented.
| Variable | Completed the pain flashbacks measure | Did not complete the pain flashbacks measure | Effect sizea |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 166 | 87 | — |
| Age | 37.06 (SD = 14.43; range = 18–68) | 40.09 (SD = 11.66; range = 18–68) | 0.23 |
| Sex | 46 M (28%)/120 F (72%) | 21 M (24%)/66 F (76%) | 0.13 |
| Index trauma | CSA 57 (34%), DV 29 (17%), medical 13 (8%), military 2 (1%), rape 13 (8%), RTA 4 (2%), sexual assault 3 (2%), torture 5 (3%), traumatic bereavement 4 (12%), violence 20 (12%), other 16 (10%) | CSA 32 (37%), DV 11 (13%), medical 8 (9%), military 4 (5%), rape 6 (7%), RTA 3 (3%), sexual assault 1 (1%), torture 1 (1%), traumatic bereavement 5 (6%), violence 5 (6%), other 11 (13%) | — |
| Single incident vs. multiple trauma | 20 single (12%), 146 multiple trauma (88%) | 15 single (17%), 72 multiple trauma (83%) | 0.05 |
| PDS | 37.26 (SD = 7.79) | 36.95 (SD = 8.59) | 0.04 |
| HADS (Anxiety) | 15.43 (SD = 3.60) | 15.4 (SD = 3.63) | 0.01 |
| HADS (Depression) | 11.24 (SD = 4.45) | 11.27 (SD = 4.61) | 0.01 |
aCalculated as Cohen’s d for continuous variables and phi (φ) for chi-square.
CSA = childhood sexual abuse; DV = domestic violence; RTA = road traffic accident; PDS = Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale; HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.