Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics according to study group
| Control, N = 71 | Dialysis, N = 175 | Transplant, N = 252 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 43.6 (14.3) | 65.1 (15.0) | 53.5 (14.4) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 46 (64.8) | 70 (40.0) | 84 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
| Male | 25 (35.2) | 105 (60.0) | 168 (66.7) | |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | 69 (97.2) | 102 (58.3) | 170 (67.5) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 2 (2.8) | 73 (41.7) | 82 (32.5) | |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 70 (98.6) | 118 (67.4) | 203 (80.6) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 1 (1.4) | 57 (32.6) | 49 (19.4) | |
| CHF | ||||
| No | 71 (100) | 148 (84.6) | 248 (98.4) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 27 (15.4) | 4 (1.6) | |
| COPD | ||||
| No | 71 (100) | 169 (96.6) | 247 (98.0) | 0.238 |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 6 (3.4) | 5 (2.0) | |
| Cancer | ||||
| No | 70 (98.6) | 164 (93.7) | 240 (95.2) | 0.269 |
| Yes | 1 (1.4) | 11 (6.3) | 12 (4.8) | |
| Prior COVID-19 | ||||
| No | 66 (93.0) | 159 (90.9) | 229 (90.9) | 0.848 |
| Yes | 5 (7.0) | 16 (9.1) | 23 (9.1) | |
| Vaccine inoculations | ||||
| 0 | 12 (16.9) | 31 (17.7) | 41 (16.3) | 0.732 |
| 1 | 3 (4.2) | 6 (3.4) | 16 (6.3) | |
| 2 | 56 (78.9) | 138 (78.9) | 195 (77.4) | |
| Time from Tx, years | ||||
| Median (range) | 4.0 (0.25–49.0) | |||
| Dialysis vintage, years | ||||
| Median (range) | – | 2.8 (0.47–18.6) | – | – |
| Urea reduction rate, % | ||||
| Mean (SD) | – | 72.1 (8.2) | – | – |
| Creatinine, µmol/l | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 67.5 (16.5) | - | 123.3 (73.4) | < 0.001 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 92.4 (17.5) | - | 52.8 (21.8) | < 0.001 |
| Tacrolimusa, ng/ml | ||||
| Mean (SD) | – | – | 6.8 (1.9) | – |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 13.6 (1.6) | 10.5 (1.1) | 12.8 (1.8) | < 0.001 |
| WBC, count per µl | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 7.6 (1.9) | 7.6 (2.7) | 8.4 (2.4) | 0.004 |
| Lymphocytes, per µl | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 2.2 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.9) | < 0.001 |
aTacrolimus in 83%, everolimus 9%, cyclosporine (multiplied by 0.06) 7%, sirolimus 1%