Table 3. The themes and subthemes extracted from the in-depth interview.
| Theme | Subtheme | Frequency of mentioned | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge | 175 | ||
| Provision of adequate guideline | Presentation of objective evidence | 95 | |
| Clarity of the content | |||
| Timely update | |||
| Information about the disease | |||
| Uniform guidelines | |||
| Sufficiently specific guideline | |||
| Leadership | Responsible leadership | 31 | |
| Competent leadership | |||
| New leadership | |||
| Information other than official guidelines | From other wards or hospitals | 19 | |
| Personally obtained | |||
| Provided by colleagues | |||
| Previous experience | Experiences from the MERS outbreak response | 16 | |
| Education and communication | Active communication for the content | 14 | |
| Formal educational programs | |||
| Awareness | 124 | ||
| Acceptability of guideline (for each individual) | Accumulation of positive experience after following the latest guidelines | 27 | |
| Practical applicability | |||
| Sufficient level of protection | |||
| Reliability of the evidence | |||
| Previous experience | Experience during MERS epidemic | 25 | |
| Negative experiences (past use of PPE) | |||
| Experience caring for critically ill patients | |||
| Individual specificity | Psychological barriers or fears | 25 | |
| Concerns about spreading to family | |||
| Difference in sensitivity to risk | |||
| Leadership | Responsible leadership | 25 | |
| Authoritative leadership | |||
| Competent leadership | |||
| Showing example by leadership | |||
| New leadership | |||
| Communication | Active communication for guideline | 21 | |
| Empathy and persuasion | |||
| Respect for personal choices | |||
| Others | New facility | 1 | |
| Behaviors | 126 | ||
| Conditions for use | Adequate supply | 57 | |
| Convenience at work | |||
| Convenience of donning and doffing | |||
| Provision of suitable facilities | |||
| Quality of PPE | |||
| Leadership | Responsible leadership | 26 | |
| Showing example by leadership | |||
| Communication and cooperation | Active communication for PPE use | 14 | |
| Cooperation with administrative service | |||
| Previous experience | Experiences from the MERS outbreak response | 12 | |
| Others | Respect for personal choices | 17 | |
| PPE selection of colleagues | |||
| Vaccinated or not | |||
| Excessive waste production | |||
| New facility | |||
MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome; PPE, personal protective equipment.